Archieved Data

Higher education is the most important contribution in the all round progress of any nation or society. Only educated and civilized citizens can play a proper role in the development of their nation and society. No matter what the era, the future of each era depends on its next generation. The more civilized, cultured and educated the generation of that era, the more the possibilities of development of that era are also there. The same principle happens with nation, society and family. Today the most important thing is to make the future generation cultured. The present era is an era of change. Due to the rapid development of science and technology, rapid and far-reaching changes are taking place in almost all areas of human life. New experiments are being done in the fields of telecommunication, agriculture, industry and medicine. All these changes have presented new educational challenges by putting a question mark in front of the significance of the present education system, in which the biggest educational challenge is the massive impact of globalization on the Indian teacher system.

Higher education, challenges, globalization.

1. Sharma R. A., (2007), Education Research, R. Red Book Depot, Meerut. 2. Pathak P.D., (2007), Educational Psychology, Vinod Pustak Mandir, Agra. 3. Singh Rampal, (2008), Educational Research and Statistics, Agarwal Publication, Agra-7. 4. Kapil HK, (2007), Research Methods, HP Bhargava Book House Agra. 5. Asthana Bipin, (2005), Measurement and Evaluation in Psychology and Education, Vinod Pustak Mandir, Agra, 2. 6. Bhargava Mahesh, (1982), Modern Psychological Testing and Measurement, p.No. 245-267. 7. Bhatnagar Suresh, (2000), Educational Psychology, R. Lal Book Depot Meerut Motibazar. 8. Saxena Swarup, (2006), Educators in the Emerging Indian Society, R. Lal NR. Chaturvedi Education Book Depot Near Government Inter College Meerut. 9. Tyagi and Pathak, (2000), General Principles of Education, Vinod Pustak Mandir Agra-21.

In the 21st century, the man has increased his convenience. The man of today's age is more enthusiastic about his need and material wealth. According to an English proverb, need is considered the mother of research. In today's time, more modern tools and technology are used. Despite all this, in big and big industries, without humans, there is no importance of mere machines. In this way, the foundation of the entire industry is human in the end. The main objectives of the present research are to examine the origin and development of industrial relations in India, to examine the social and economic background of the labor community in the industrial unit, to evaluate the role of labor society involved in industrial relations and to evaluate their efficiency, workers of industrial relations. Examine the impact on the community. To study the condition of labor welfare in the industrial unit, to investigate the objections seen during the working hours of the worker in the industrial unit. In the present research study, keeping in mind the workers working in all the industries included in Bhavnagar district, a research unit has been prepared. Keeping in mind the criteria like preference, time, knowledge, thinking power of the respondents, so that the entire group of research gets proper justice, a practice unit of 300 respondents has been made taking 10-10 respondents from the biggest industrial unit of the district.

Industrial unit, industrial relations, workers.

1. Shah A.G. and Dave JK, Industrial Sociology, Unda Publications, Ahmedabad- 2004-05. 2. Shah A.G. and Dave JK, Methods of Social Modification, Unda Publications, Ahmedabad- 2008-09. 3. Joshi Mahesh, Industrial Sociology, Creative Publications, Amdavad- 2008. 4. Nath Jai Prakash, Labor Problems and Social Welfare, R. P. Saxena & Company, 1999. 5. Sharma Rajendra Kumar, Industrial Sociology, Nishant Publications- 2000.

In the modern era, the use of new technologies is seen everywhere. At present, many types of techniques and tools are being used in the education world so that our education can get a new dimension. Recently, its use was seen in the form of online education during the time of Kovid-19 epidemic, due to which there was continuity in studies even after the closure of schools and colleges. There was not much change in the education system in India for a long time, but a ray of hope is visible from the new education policy 2020 in which mother tongue is being given place in the medium of education. Many untouched aspects have been kept in the policy which will definitely promote positive changes in the education system of the country. Private educational institutions have also created a ruckus in the country, it is necessary that they should also be controlled. Along with Indian culture, moral education should also be given proper place in education. Morality is rarely seen in today's students, in the absence of morality, the individual, family and society will collapse. Therefore, moral education should be given by parents as well as educational institutions so that the country can develop.

New education policy, online education, regional language, moral education, all round development.

1. Agarwal Saurabh Kumar, History and Development of Indian Education, Sahitya Bhavan Publication, Agra,. 2. Pandey Sudhanshu Kumar, (2020) Education Policy, Notion Press Publication, Chennai, 18 March 2021. 3. www.education.gov.in 4. www.indiaeducation.net

Knowledge of physic-chemical properties studied in binary solvent system is useful for engineering design of new applications. The density of stannous chloride is measured in binary solution of 20 %(v/v) ethanol ?water and at 308K. The data of Ammonium Oxalate monohydrate in binary solution is reported. The related parameters of density like apparent molar volume, molar volume , experimental slope calculated and reported. Data of density and their parameter shows interaction between solute and solvent system.

Molar volume, Density & Apparent molar volume.

1. Kapadi, U. R.; Hankare, P. P.; Chavan, S. K.; J. Ind. Chem. Soc., 77, 269 (1994). 2. Klotz, I.; Rosenberg, R. M.; ?Chemical Thermodynamics, Basic Theory and Methods?, 3rd ed., W. A. Benjanin: California, (1972). 3. Masson, D. O.; Phil Mag., 8, 218 (1929). 4. Millero, F. J.; ?In Water and Aqueous Solutions?, Horne, R. A (Ed) Weily Interscience, New York (1972). 5. Mutalik, V.; Manjeshwar, L. S.; Sairam, M.; Aminabhavi, T. M.; J. Mol. Liq., 129, 147 (2006). 6. V. Serheyev, Chem&ChemTech, 5, (2011)

Woman, your second name is Srishti. The care and concentration with which a woman carries a child in her womb for nine months and nine days, is the only way human civilization continues to exist on earth. When the women progress, the family progresses, the village progresses and the nation also progresses. These words of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru have been the basic basis of the entire concept of socio-economic development of our country. It is an agreed fact that our socio-economic development will be meaningful only when women are in the mainstream of development. Agriculture is the mainstay of the Indian economy and more than 70 percent of the country's population is engaged in agriculture and allied occupations for their livelihood. Women constitute 50 percent of the labor force engaged in agriculture and they play an important role in Indian agriculture. In such a situation, it would be better if rural women were called agricultural women. In today's era, the cost of inflation has forced the women to work with the male members of the family for livelihood. Women today have come out of the purview of the traditional society and are now joining the commercial society to attain economic self-reliance. Not only this, by setting up self-employment ventures, she is also paving the way for economic self-reliance for others.

Women's Development Democracy, Feminist Movement, Women's Reservation, Political Statistics Participation.

1. Agarwal, J.C., Women's Education in India, Prabhat Publications, New Delhi. 2. Arzoo, M.H. (1993), Indian Women and Modernization, Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi. 3. Ansari, M.A. (2001), National Commission for Women and Bharatiya Nari, Jyoti Prakashan, Jaipur. 4. Modi Saroj (1991), Women MLAs in Legislative Assemblies, Mittal Publications, New Delhi. 5. Pandey Keshav (1997), Rural Development and Gandhi Philosophy in Post-Independent India, Mittal Publications, New Delhi. 6. Sharma, Ramnath (2000), Indian Society, Institutions and Culture, Atlantic Publishers, Distributors, New Delhi. 7. Sharma, Virendra Prakash (1999), Social Change in India, Panchsheel Publications, Jaipur. 8. Srivastava, Sudha Rani (1999), Crime against women, Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi. 9. Sharma, Rajendra Kumar (1996), Rural Sociology, Atlantic Publishers Distributors, New Delhi. 10. Upadhyay, Ramesh (1996), Our Social and Cultural Concerns, Radha Publications, New Delhi.

The role of the teacher has become central in the best work like teaching. In the present time, our expectations from the teacher have increased. Today, where he has to devote himself to the student, society, school, business etc., he also has to prove himself as a subject-expert, thinker. In fact, it is the teacher who plays the most important role in the creation of the educational environment provided by the institution. The role of experimental program in the training of teachers is important. Guidance will be received in the implementation of practical program of training institutions and the solution of problems experienced in it, and teachers will be able to achieve their objectives.

D.El.Ed, Universalization of Elementary Education, Educational Reorganization, National Council of Teacher Education.

1. Chandrashekhar, K. (2000), An Evaluative Study of Primary School Teachers Education Program in Andhra Pradesh, Ph.D. Thesis-Education, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati. 2. Chandrashekhar, K. (2017), ?Teacher Education?s Perceptions of Diet Facilities and Their Relationship to Certain Personal and Demographic Variables?, Perspectives in Education, Baroda, Vol 23(2), pages 92-104. 3. Daily Newspaper, Dainik Bhaskar, Bilaspur, Thursday 9th November, 2017 Page 18. 4. Das, RC and Jangira, NK. (2004), 'A Trend Report, Teacher Education', Third Survey of Research in Education, NCERT, New Delhi, pp. 782-789. 5. Delers, J. et al. (1998), "Quality Teachers, Learning: The Treasure Within" Report to UNESCO of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty First Century, Paris, UNESCO, quoted by the Indian Journal for Teacher Education, NCT .E., New Delhi, Vol. 1(1), 146.. 6. Deepa, Krishna and Saroj, Anand (2006), Role of quality primary teacher-training district education and training institutions, Anveshika 3(2), 75-80. 7. Mukhopadhyay, Marmar (2009), Total Quality Management in Education, Diamond Pocket Book (Pvt.) Ltd., New Delhi

There is an innate relationship between nature and the human body. It is known that man takes birth in the lap of nature and dies. The body is also made up of these five natural elements: earth, soil, water, fire, sky and air. These five elements are beneficial for human life every moment. It is the law of nature that the elements from which the body of the creature is made, the same elements also give its natural medicine. Even in the tradition of Nath Yoga, the human body is considered as the means of yoga; In which Kundalini is awakened and harmonized with Shiva. This Kundalini form of Shakti has been realized by the manifestation of these five great elements: sky, air, fire, water and earth (soil). In Ayurveda also it has been said about Kapha, Vata and Pitta etc.: vaman kapha nasaya vatanasaya mardanam Shayan pitta nashay jowar nashay ligname. That is, vamana (vomiting) should be done for the destruction of phlegm, mardan (massage) in gout, mitigation in gall disease and laghan (fasting) in fever. From the above facts it becomes clear that it is necessary not only to protect nature but also internally, so that a person can live a long life.

Nature, Medicine, Body, Human.

1. Bakhru Harikrishna, Natural Treatment of Diseases, Prabhat Publications, New Delhi, No. 2013. 2. Saxena Om Prakash, Greater Naturopathy, Hindi Seva Sadan, Publication, Mathura, No. 2014. 3. Yadav Harinam Singh, Disease Prevention by Yoga and Alternative Medicine, Jagdanand Chetna Prakashan, Varanasi, ed. 2010. 4. Yogatattvank, Kalyan (65th year), Radheshyam Khemka (ed.), Kalyan, Gorakhpur. 5. Shukla S.P. Shukla, Ayurveda Darshan, Chaukhamba, Orientalia, Varanasi, ed. 2006. 6. Sharma Shiv, Shrimal Vasant Kund, Dosha Metallurgy, Chaukhamba Surbharti Publications, Varanasi, ed. 1999. 7. Shastri Vasudev, Charakavachanamritam, Orientalia, Varanasi, ed. 1987. 8. Ayurveda Compendium, Shri Vaidyanath, Ayurved Bhawan Ltd., Naini, Varanasi, No. 2016. 9. Pandey Kashinath, Chaturvedi Gorakhnath, (ed.) Shastri Rajeshwar Dutt, Upadhyaya Yadunandan, Pandey Gangasahai, Chaukhamba, Charakasanghita, Bharti Publications, Varanasi, ed. 2011. 10. Saraswati Swami Sivananda, Disease Prevention by Yoga, Sasta Sahitya Mandal, No. 2013. 11. Shastri Harikrishna, Datar, Yoga: Principles and Sadhana, Chaukhamba, Vidya Bhavan, Varanasi, ed. 2014. 12. Tiwari Ramchandra Tiwari, Various Dimensions of Yoga, University Publications, Varanasi, ed. 1997. 13. Shastri Swami Dwarkadas, Siddha Siddhanta Methodology, Chaukhamba Vidya Bhavan, Varanasi, No. 2014. 14. Yoga Darshan (44th ed.), Gita Press, Gorakhpur, ed. 2014. 15. Atmanand Swami Akshay, Yoga Bhagaye Rog, Prabhat Prakashan, New Delhi, ed. 2012.

Female and male teacher can do justice to his duties in his teaching profession only when he is satisfied with the qualified, dedicated profession and is aware of the latest innovations and is eager to adopt it. He should have received the best type of training for his capacity building. At present, teachers' B. Ed. Two modes of training are prevalent: Regular education in which B.Sc. Ed. Training is given and other distance education (Kpejandbam Mkanbanjpvad) in which the teacher and the child do not need to be present at a particular place or time. The system is liberal in terms of teaching and learning modalities and scheduling as well as admission criteria without compromising on quality requirements. This system is very important for continuing education, capacity-upgradation of serving personnel and quality and rational education for apprentices living in educationally disadvantaged areas. In the present study, female and male B.Ed. The attitude of the trainees towards training has been studied by which the individual behavior towards any institution, thing, person or situation is decided. By the Norms and Standards Act, 2014 of the National Council for Teacher Education (Chhattisgarh), New Delhi, B. Ed. The amendments made in the training from time to time have encouraged such research on open and distance education.

State-of-the-art, Capacity-Upgrading, National Council for Teacher Education.

1. Anand, S, (1979) : University without Walls, New Delhi, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. 2. Bahuguna, R.C. (1988) : A Comparative Study of Correspondence and Formal Eduction, Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, Vol.2 No.3 and 4. 3. Bhatnagar, S. (1997) Distance Educational : A System Under Stress, (An Indepth Study of Institute Institute of Correspondence Course), New Delhi, Concept Publishing Company. 4. Dubey, Viredra Kumar (2012) : ^^nwjLFk f?k{kk esa uokpkj**] Amelioration in Distance Education Education, UPRTOU Publication, DEC, New Delhi, P 155-157. 5. Gupta, Dinesh Kumar and Arun Kumar Singh (2012) "Study of the attitude towards higher education of art class students studying in traditional university and open university", Amelioration in Distance Education, UPRTOU Publication, DEC, New Delhi, PP. 207-213 6. Edwards, Allens (1957) Techniques of Attidute Scale Construction, New York, Appleton-Century Crofts, Inc. P.2. 7. Khan, Moheeta (2017): Implementation of Two Year B.Ed Program: Issue and Concerns. http:www.researchgate.net/publication/329714694, Aligarh Muslim University.Pp202. 8. Lakshmana, P. YellaReddi and Nagarjuna, T.I. (2011) : ?A Study of Attitude of B.Ed., Student (Distance Mode) towards Value Oriented Education?, International Conference on QualitEnhanment in Distance Education for Life Long Learing, 26th ? 27th March, 2011, Bharathidarsan University Publication, Tiruchirapplli Tamil Nadu (India) PP. 158-160. 9. Pandey, S.K. (1980) : ?Economics of Correspondence Education in Indian Universities? Meeruti University?, in Four Decades of Distance Education in India. Viva Books New Delhi Pvt., P.457.

Community development is a process by which the state of economic and social development is selected with the cooperation of all the people of the community. It includes all the elements like agriculture, animal husbandry, irrigation, health, cooperative education, social upliftment, rural, industry, panchayat, transport and message vehicles etc., which are related to the improvement of the condition of the rural people of India. In order to strengthen the social and economic status of the residents of rural areas, on 2 October 1952, the Planning Commission constituted the Community Project Administration, which got the status of a ministry from 18 August 1979. This ministry is fully committed to the development of rural infrastructure. Many programs are being run from time to time to improve the economic condition of the rural people. It includes the structure of central level, state level, district level, block level and village level. Under this, the target is to run schemes like health, drinking water, sanitation, health, development and technology in the village. The main objective of this scheme is to increase the public facilities in the village, to improve the lives of the people in the village like agriculture, animal husbandry, village industries, health and treatment and child welfare. For this project and program, the government is constantly trying that something new should be done in the budget. The government wants that the rural areas should have good health, get good food, get good education and also get good status in the society. Now it has to be seen whether the government succeeds in its objective.

Rural Development, Community Development, Five Year Plans, Conditions, Agriculture.

1. Indian Economy - Dr. SN Lal 2. Rural Development and Panchayati Raj - A B Johri. 3. Rural Development - Katar Singh Anil Sisodia 4. Study of various five year plans of India. 5. Study of Planning Commission. 6. Kurukshetra Monthly Magazine. 7. Scheme Monthly Magazine.

Since independence, Indian money market is such a strange mix of both unorganized and organized sectors, due to which different rates of interest exist in different sectors of the Indian money market at the same time. The unorganized sector of the Indian money market includes moneylenders and domestic bankers. Due to the lack of uniformity in this section, there is neither a defined demarcation between emergency and long-term finance nor proper certification is found in activities in this area. On the other hand, the organized part of the Indian money market includes public and private sector commercial banks, foreign and Indian scheduled banks led by the Reserve Bank of India. Apart from this, insurance companies, semi-government institutions and mixed capital companies also enter the money market as lenders. The Reserve Bank of India, acting as the supreme monetary authority, operates and regulates the organized money market.

Capital Markets, Commercial Banks, Placement Companies, Banking Institutions, Nationalization.

1. Palmer and Perkins ? International Relation, Third Edition, PP.- 468-69. 2. Hubert Herring ? A History of Latin America (New York, 1955) 3. Dinaman 14-20 March - 1982, p - 33 4. Bandyopadhyaya Jayantanuja, The Making of India?s Foreign Policy, Determinants Institute Process and Personalities, New Delhi, 1980, P.- 29 5. See Nort Man D. Palmer ? Indian Political System, London, 1961. PP. ? 238-41 6. Michael Breacher Nehru ? A Political Biography, London, 1959, P.- 67 7. Rajan MS, 'India in World Politics in the Post Nehru Era, edited by KP Mishra, Studies in Foreign Policy, Vikas, New Delhi 1969 8. Report - 1977, and Report - 1978-79, Government of India, Ministry of External Affairs, New Delhi. 9. Based on Jain Shripal, America's Asia Policy, Dinaman, January 1978. 0. M.V. Kamath ? Changing Power Pattern, The Times of India, July- 20, 1971. 11. Steven J. Rosen and Walter S. Jones ? The Logic of International Relation, 1975, P.- 119 12. Major problems of United States Foregion, Policy, 1949-1950 Washington D.C. The Brooking Institution, 1949, P.- 93. 13. U.N. Weekly Bulletin, New Yourk, 01 October, 1949, P.- 365.

Chhattisgarh is one of the youngest states of middle India & can have a bunch of tourism possible but still it is lagging behind financial growth. An analysis put forward in this paper to understand the rich tourism potential and opportunity for most promising tourist spot of the State. To explore the data of tourism potential, Researcher has followed the reputed journals, Secondary Sources, Market research, Government of India Ministry of tourism, State tourism policy and various Reports. Chhattisgarh share his boundary with 7 states &blessed with abundance of picturesque nature, Magnificent the past of mythological significance, Art, Culture, Wildlife, Historical inheritance, Tribes, its hidden beauty is still virgin &uncharted by people. Since pandemic covid-19 has affected the whole economy and other dimensions of almost all of the Nations across the world, it has affected intensively the tourist places in terms of the visits of tourists, livelihood of a major population and revenue generated by it. This research paper is an attempt to see pandemic?s effect on three different types of tourist places i.e. natural, religious and historical tourist places. For the purpose, three places from these three types of tourist places were selected. From these places 05 hotel & 05 restaurants were selected by adopting convenience sampling. Data was analysed statistically and on the basis of mean and standard deviation results were drawn. Results revealed that historical place of Bastar was found more affected by pandemic covid-19.

Pandemic Covid-19, Natural Tourist Places, Religious Tourist Places, Historical Tourist Places.

1. Dwivedi Prem Shankar, & Jain Kausthubh, Shodhaytan -AISECT university journal vol III. Positioning Chhattisgarh state as a tourist destination. 2. Gupta and Mirjha, ?Development of Tourism industry and marketing in Chhattisgarh, Vol-5. 3. Jha Nimisha, ICAS, Dy.Sec., SPC ?An Assessment report on tourism in Chhattisgarh 2015?. 4. Kotler, Philip; Bowen T. John; Makens, James, ?(2014) Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism, Publisher Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. P- 235-243. 5. Singh Aishwarya, Case Study on: Chhattisgarh Tourism conference paper Nov 2019. 6. Sood, Suresh, (2006) The blogging of travel and tourism: next generation travel marketing and advertising? advertising express,ICFAI journal. 7. www.tourism.gov.in. 8. www.visitcg.in 9. www.wttc.org 10. www.researchgate.net.

Khechari mudra is said to be the most important in yoga practice, which is considered to be dear to the yogis and rare for the gods, because all the siddhis (ashta siddhis) are attained by the mere accomplishment of the Khechari mudra. Due to this, even an ordinary human becomes a superhuman and many physical and spiritual benefits are obtained. Through this, the seeker gets freedom from worldly bondages as well as old age, hunger-pipasha, etc. Sadhak attains Samadhi by drinking the Somaras secreted from the Kapalkuhar and attains immortality and becomes absorbed in Brahman, freed from the bondages of the world (sufferings).

Khechari, Samadhi, Amritva, Somars, Kapalkuhar.

1. Gherand Samhita, Swami Niranjanand Saraswati, Yoga Publication Trust, Munger, Bihar. 2. Hathapradipika, Swatmaram Ji, Kaivalyadhaam, Yog Mandir Committee, Lonavala, 410403 (Maharashtra). 3. 108 Upanishad Sadhanakhand, Yug Nirman Yojana Extension Trust Gayatri Tapobhoomi Mathura-281003 4. Gayatri Mahavigyan, Yug Nirman Yojana Extension Trust Gayatri Tapobhoomi Mathura-281003 5. Savitri Kundli and Tantrayuga Nirman Yojana Extension Trust Gayatri Tapobhoomi Mathura-281003 6. Publisher of Yoga Upanishad Collection, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Oriental Science, Ayurveda and Rare Texts Delhi (India) 7. https://onlymyhealthsite.blogspot.com, Apr 23, 2015 8. https://m-hindi.webdunia.com/yoga-mudra, 25/oct/2017 9. https://hindi.yogkala.com/khechari-mudra. 12/dec/2017 10. http://literature.awgp.org/book/gayatri ki uchstri ya panch sadhana, 16/11/2020 11. https://hi.m.wikipedia.org 2/03/2019 12. https://www.swargarohan.org 15/07/2018

Education is provided to children in order to make them so much capable that they can face the difficulties of daily routine in a creative ways. A teacher is always considered in the form of primary source of knowledge. Therefore, it becomes necessary that they should be highly encouraged, secure and satisfied with their workload for good results in order to achieve quality education for sustainable growth. It has been found out of earlier work that teachers are under immense pressure due to the burden of work, thus unable to give desired performance that lead to inadequate education and delays in Nat. It was already accepted by various scholars that contribution of work discontent in the generation of tension, bad health conditions, unsatisfied results, as well as teachers? performance is so important.

Frustration, Occupational Stress, School Environment.

1. Rama Garg (2017) studied ?The effect of Frustration Tolerance and Role conflict on professional commitment of Teacher Educator at Secondary Level?. 2. Rani Geeta (2017) studied ?The Assessment of occupational stress among school teachers?. 3. Prabhakar S. & Manjula Rani (2018) studied ?Frustration among primary school teachers in relation to well-being? 4. Swaroop Sharma (2018) studied ?The occupational stress among teachers working in secondary schools of karauli district of Rajasthan State? 5. Vimla (2019) studied ?The school environment and academic achievement of standard is students? 6. Sakshi & Indira Dhull (2019) studied ? The effect of school environment on academic achievement of students of secondary school of Haryana? 7. Rai (2020) studied ?The a study on the job satisfaction and job stress of secondary school teachers of East and South Districts of Sikkim?. 8. Singh (2020) studied ?The job stress among female teachers of rural primary schools?.

The last decade has brought many advanced technologies for journalists. In such a situation journalism is entering a new era of revolutionary concepts. One of those new concepts of journalism is citizen journalism. It is social media or new media, which has accelerated its pace in contemporary times. Citizen journalism is currently one of the most innovative trends in journalism. Nowadays, there are many alternative news sources available on the Internet, such as blogs, social networking websites, etc. They present different types of news, thus giving a good competition to the mainstream media. On several occasions, citizen journalists have reported breaking news faster than professional journalists. As a result, the mainstream media no longer serves as the sole source of news. Many established television channels and newspapers are bringing innovation to their operations to compete with the newer forms of journalism. Through the present research paper, an attempt has been made to underline the scope, importance and limitations of citizen journalism through social media.

Citizen journalism, social media, online journalism, awareness, dissemination.

1. Kumar, Ravish. (2020), Have to speak: About democracy, culture and the nation, New Delhi, Rajkamal Publications. 2. Seungahn Nah and Deborah S. Chung. (2020). Understanding Citizen Journalism as Civic Participation. New Delhi: Routledge. 3. Rajan, Nalini (Editor). (2007). 21st Century Journalism in India. New Delhi: SAGE Publications India. 4. Kaur, Jaspal and Singh, Sandhu. (2012). Legal Recognition of Citizen Journalism on the Internet: Development of Rights and Responsibilities. Publisher Aberystwyth University. 5. Berger, AA. (2011). Media and Communication Research Methods: An Introduction to Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. London: Sage Publication Inc. 6. Cram, I. (2015). Citizen Journalists: Newer Media, Republican Moments and the Constitution. U.K.: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. 7. http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1902642.pdf 8. https://hi.theastrologypage.com/citizen-journalism

Education develops the inherent powers of the student and makes the culture alive. Education makes students hardworking and successful citizens. It broadens the outlook, enhances his self-knowledge and gives direction to his thoughts and experiences. The universal aim of education is the all round development of the students. This is achieved through both formal and informal methods. The teacher helps the students in getting formal education, while the parents or other family members of the students play the main role in getting the formal education and through this education the students are involved in knowledge, increase of knowledge, creation of skills. Interests and habits are developed and it makes children full of economic, social and educational ideas.

Education, students, parents.

1. Soad, M., Singh, RR and Singh, M.K. Relationship between parental attitudes and achievement motivation among Paharia High School students, Psychological Studies 1987 2. Paramesh, CR. and Narayanan S. Creativity Intelligence, A Factorial Study, Journal of Psychological Research 1993. 3. Mehta, K.K. Parent-Child Relationship An Emergent Environmental Variable Infusing Intelligence of Children, General of Psychological Research 1994 4. Hazari, A, and Thakur, GP, The relation between manifest anxiety and intelligence, General of Education and Psychology, 1970 5. Nagmani, K, Comparative study of vocational aspirations of wards of highly educated, uneducated and low educated parents, Ravi Shankar S.V., Raipur, 2003 6. Sharma, Ramnath, Educational Psychology, Rastogi Publications, Meerut, 1974 7. Pachauri, Ramnath, Foundations of Educational Psychology, R. Red Book Depot, Meerut, 2012

In this busy lifestyle of most of the people in India, it?s difficult to take out time to go and purchase groceries by driving to the store. Also, during emergencies like Covid-19 pandemic and in order to be safe, nowadays people prefer to order ration or other daily need items online. Therefore, the authors highlight solving these day-to-day issues of almost every household with the help of technology. They have built an e-commerce website through which users can purchase groceries from different nearby stores after comparing the price of the products. Therefore, it is very time efficient too. This project is built with an aim to support the Digital India Programme initiated by the Indian Government as it would in turn digitalize and generate employment for delivery partners as well as business opportunities for small shops.

E-Commerce, Online Shopping, Small Shops, Amazon, Grocery, Home Mart.

1. https://docs.python.org/3/ 2. https://www.djangoproject.com/ 3. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/python3/python_gui_programming.html 4. https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ 5. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/software-engineering-software-projectmanagement-spm/ 6. https://realpython.com/python-send-email/#sending-your-plain-text-email

This research paper deals with the topic entitled ?A Study on consumer Perception With Special Reference to Government and Non-Government Hospital in Grater Gwalior? As, we know that human health is the most important aspect for every human being. So in case of any kind of un-wellness or disease, they prefer the best option in the form of treatment. So, this paper attempts to analyze the perception of consumers regarding Government and non-Government hospitals on the basis of various parameters. To take the study ahead, a self-made questionnaire was constructed for the verification of the objectives formed for this study. A sample of 30 patiant respondents is considered randomly. As a result of which it was found that, non-Government hospitals are more preferred than that of Government hospitals and people have good perceptions with regard to non-Government hospitals.

Customer Perception, Government and Non-Government Hospitals.

1. Amira Elleuch (2005), ?Patient Satisfaction in Japan?, International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 21 (7), 2005. 2. Mayuri Duggirala, Chandrasekharan Rajendran and R.N. Anantharaman, ?Patient Perceived dimensions of total quality service in health care?, Benchmaking: An International Journal, 15(5),2011. 3. Sarhani Chakraborthy and Kein Frick (2013), ?Factors Influencing Private Health Prider?s Technical Quality of Care for Acute Respiratory Infection among UnderFive Children in Rural West Bengal, India?, Social Science and Medicine, 55 (5), pp.1579-1587 4. Sohail, M., ?Service Quality in Hospitals: More Favourable than You Might Think?, Managing Service Quality, 13 (2),2001. 5. Tengilimoglu, D., Kisa, A., and Dziegielewski, S.F., (2010), ?Patient Satisfaction in Turkey: Differences between public and private hospitals?, Journal of Community Health, 24(1), pp.73-91. 6. Uma Manjunath, Bhimarya A.Mehi and Shalini Ramachandran, ?Quality Management in a Health Care Organization: A Case of South Indian Hospital?, The TQM Magazine, 2002.

In the present research paper, "Comparative study of values ??of students living in nuclear and joint families of higher secondary schools" has been done. For this, the main objective of the research paper is to make a comparative study of the values ??of the students of nuclear and joint family. For research, 60-60 students of single family of government and non-government schools and 60-60 students of joint family of government and non-government schools of Madhya Pradesh have been included as a sample. As a research tool, . The mean, standard deviation and t-value have been calculated in statistics. As a result, it was found that there is no significant difference in the values ??of the students living in nuclear and joint families of government and non-government schools.

Nuclear and joint families, price.

1. Bhargava, Mahesh (1979), Modern Psychology of Testing and Measurement, H.P. Bhargava Book House, Agra. 2. Chauhan, A. s. (2006), "Advanced Educational Psychology", Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi. 3. Singh, R.P. (2013-14), "Psychological Basis of Child Development," Agarwal Publications Agra. 4. Sharma, R.A. (2013), "Fundamentals of Educational Psychology," R. red. Book Depot, Agra.

The main objective of the present research paper is to "comparative study of creativity and Hindi achievement of students of non-government higher secondary school (with special reference to Gwalior city)". For this, the researcher has done M.P. 30-30 students of non-government higher secondary school of Gwalior city have been included in the sample. Survey method has been used for the present research. Verbal test of creative thinking as a research tool - Verbal test of creative thinking created by Waqar Mehndi has been used and Hindi achievement test - NN. The achievement test developed by Dubey has been used. In statistics, mean, standard deviation and t-value have been used. As a conclusion, no significant difference has been found in the creativity and Hindi achievement of the students of non-government higher secondary school.

Creativity and Hindi achievement.

1. Mathur, S. S., (2005). "Educational Psychology", Vinod Pustak Mandir, Agra. 2. Garg, O.P., Chaturvedi, S. (2007). "Psycho-Social Basis of Learning and Education", Apollo Publications, Ghaziabad. 3. Bohra, Vandana (2007). "Research Methodology" Omaxe Publication, Ansari Road, New Delhi. 4. Goan and Others, (1967). Creativity its Educational Application, n.by. Janvili and Sons. 5. Mehdi B, Creativity, Intelligence and Achievement, Some Finding of Recent Researches, General of Indian, Review. 6. Daudiyal, Sachchidanand "The Law of Educational Research" Rajasthan Hindi Granth Academy Jaipur.

Because of the rapid advancement of information technology, librarianship has seen significant transformations in recent years. E-resources are now an essential component of any library. Documents are being converted from print to electronic format. The library is increasingly relying on electronic resources. There are various advantages to using electronic resources rather than printed ones. The world?s information landscape has been transformed by the huge advancement of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Significant alterations have been made to the ways in which data is generated and stored as well as how it is accessed, retrieved, and consumed as a result. This research looked at how Andhra Pradesh?s medical school libraries employ technology and services. One-quarter of the 206 participants (26.93 percent) report spending ?greater than 4 hours? on any given day. According to the results of the poll, people were asked for their thoughts on the best ways to acquire information and what formats they liked. The overwhelming majority of 336 (43.92 percent) of the respondents favoured ?printed? library books in the first place.

ICT, Internet, User studies, Medical Websites, Online Databases, Government and Private Medical College Libraries, e-resource.

1. Farahil, M.T., & Gandhi, R. (2011). Adoption of information technologies in medical libraries in Karnataka, India and Iran: a comparative study. International Journal of Library and Information Science, 3(2), 38-45. 2. Dhanavandan.S., Esmail, M. S., &Nagarajan, M. (2012). Access and awareness of ICT resources and services in medical college libraries in Puducherry, Library Philosophy and Practice. http:// unllib. unl. edu/LPP/ 3. Baikady, Mahabaleshwara Rao. (2010). Faculty and students satisfaction with the web resources available at the Medical College Libraries in coastal Karnataka?, International Conference on e-Resources in Higher Education: issues, developments, opportunities and challenges, 19-20 February 2010, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 189-194. 4. Nagaraju, K.; Roja, M. (2014). Web searching Behaviour of Ayurvedic Medical students - A study. International Journal of Library and Information Studies, 4(3), 86-93. 5. Waris, M. Abu; Vasanthakumar; Nagaraja, A. (2013). Medical Librarianship in India: A Review of Historical Developments and Current Perspectives. International Journal of Library and Information Studies, 3(2), 56-66. 6. Das R., Singh Sanjay Kumar. (2016). Use of E-Resources by the different users of Jorhat Medical College Library, Assam. International Journal of Library and Information Studies, 6(2), 97-103. 7. Rajender Kumar(2016). Use of Eresources by the Medical Students of M.M. University, Ambala: A Case Study. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 36(1), 10-16. 8. Rao Mahabaleshwara, B. and Mudhol, M.V. (2013). Utilization of web resources at the medical college libraries in Coastal Karnataka. SRELS Journal of Information Management, 50; 61-91. 9. Anandhalli, G. & Shakuntala, G.S. (2014). Students attitude towards the utilization of e-resources in Medical College libraries of Davangere, Karnataka: A Study. International Journal of Information Dissemination and technology, 4(3), 234- 239.

Teacher education started in India during the British period. Teaching began to develop as a profession during this period. Hence the need for training in teaching was felt. In 1882, Indian Education Commission (Hunter Commission), Lord Curzon's Education Policy in 1904, Hartag Committee in 1929, Sargent's Report in 1944 made important suggestions regarding teacher training. For the development of teachers in the programs of competency-based teacher education, the provision and nature of research-based and systematic training was developed as per the requirement, these needs have been termed as teacher competence. The above competencies of a teacher are assessed in relation to student achievements. Therefore student achievements in the classroom are the result of various competencies displayed by the teacher, this has led to a change in the traditional teaching of the teacher. Teaching is not a static profession but keeps on changing under the influence of technology, ever-changing knowledge, pressures of global economics and societal pressures. This means that addressing these changes requires constant updating and development of teaching methods and skills. It is essential for teachers to be capable of change.

Secondary School, Vocational Commitment.

1. Kumari Priyanka, Study of occupational satisfaction of teachers of higher secondary schools, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language. 2. Kushwaha Sunil Kumar, Agarwal Reena, Study of professional commitment of higher education teachers, 4. Golden Research Thoughts, Volume - 6, Issue - 4. 3. Singh, Arun Kumar (2005), Higher General Psychology, Motilal Banarsidas Publications, New Delhi. 4. NCFTE, 2009 Websites 1. www.google.com 2. www.wikipedia.org

Mortality of calf is one of the major effective factors for dairy owner economy and reduced milk production. The information was recorded for the period of 2 years (2020-2022). Mortality of male calves in cows and buffaloes were 6.00% and 48.00% respectively, in urban areas. In rural areas female calf mortality in cows and buffaloes were 8.00% and 22.00% respectively. Mortality rate of male buffalo than female in both areas was very high. Periodic calf mortality on the basis of information about more than 80% death found during just calving to 3 months of age. Out of which 49.00% deaths were between 16 to30 days and 14.00% death occurred in second weeks of age. Death rate was higher death rate were found in urban area than rural area during above mentioned period.

Mortality, Calf, Period, Management.

1. Bachan Shiv, Pal. R.K. (2021). Pattern of calf mortality in Gangatiri Cattle at Araziline Organized Dairy Farm of District, Varanasi. Frontiers in crop Improvement. Vol 9: 949-950. 2. Balkrishana, M; Ramesha, K.P, Sreenath. M, Satish Kumar and Kumar S. (1996). Factors affecting mortality of buffalo calves in an organized herd. Indian J. Dairy and Biosciences 7: 61-65. 3. Balvir. S, Brijesh. S, Ghosh. A.K. (2009). Cause of mortality among Red Shindhi cattle at organized herd. Indian J. Anim. Prod. Manage 24 (3-4):20-22. 4. Ghosh S.K, Roy S.K, Samanth A.R. (1996). Effect of metrological factors on calf mortality in subtropical zone of West Bengal. Indian J. Anim. Prod. Manage.10 (4): 156-58. 5. Mishra A.K., Rawat N.S. Nanawati. S, Gaur, A.K. (2015) Study on calf mortality pattern in Gir brred. International J.L. Prod.6 (4:) 47-51. 6. Pal. R.K, Bachan Shiv, Anand. K.B., Kumar. A. (2021).Impact of managemental practices for Eastern Hariyana Cow in Eastern Zone of Utter Pradesh. SHODH SAMAGAM. Vol 4: 1876-1881. 7. Singh, B.B. and Singh B.P.(1973).

In modern competitive sports the individual and team sports person are prepared not only play the game, but also win the games. Today?s winning the game not only depends upon the proficiency of the skills, tactics, physical proficiency and knowledge of rules of game which bring victory but more important is the mental preparation, the sport spirit and the attitude of the athletes with which they play and perform the best in the competition. Over the past few years, there has been a growing body of literature revolving around the psychology of excellence in sport. Both advances have come about mainly due to the striving towards peak performance. The modern world appears to be much more concerned about sports. The hold of the sports has grown very strong on the mind of an individual in society. Sportsmen and spectators are very clear about the value and significance of sports and there is hardly an individual who has been left out of its impact. At present, winning competition involves national prestige as each nation strives to win. Certain nations even try to project the superiority of their political and social systems through achievement in the field of sports. They bring name, fame and laurels for their countries and raise their prestige high in the world.

Sport Accomplishment, Motor fitness, Personality tendencies, Sociability, Individual & team sports.

1. Agarwal, Benu. ?A study of aggressive behavior and adjustment in individual and team players in relation to their performance? http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in, 1998. 2. Belerman, A and Walter, R.M.(1993).?Social learning and personality development? New York Hart Rimchart and Wintson. 3. Deva R.C. ?Manual for Deva?s Social Adjustment Inventory? National Psychological Co. Agra, 1990. 4. Johnson. Granville B. (1942). ?A Study ofthe Relationship That Exists Between Physical Skill as Measured and the General Intelligence of College Students, Research Quarterly 13 (March 1942): 57. 5. Kafiluddin, S.(1980).?A study of parental discipline, family structure and ordinal positions as antecedent factor in the Genesis of Aggression?, Ph.d thesis in Psychology.Bhagalpur University.Buch M.B (Chief editor) (1991), fourth survey of research in education New Delhi NCERT p. 379. 6. Kamlesh M.L.(1988) ?A Psychological Problem? Delhi: Surjeet Publication. 7. Kamlesh M. L.(1998)?Psychology in Physical Education and Sports? Metropolitan Book Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,. 8. Kamlesh M.L. and Sangral M.S., ?Principles and History of Physical Education? Ludhiana: Prakash Brothers, 1981. 9. Peterson, S.L. and Weber, J.C. and Trousdale, W.W. (1997).?Personality trait of women in team sportswomen in individual sports? Res. Quat, 38: 686-690. 10. Yadav, S. (1992).?Selected Personality Variables of Adjustment and Socio Economic Status as Related to Performance in Mass and Class Sports?. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Faculty of Education (Phy. Edu.)PU. Chandigarh.

The land bordering the Seoni district of modern Madhya Pradesh has played an important role in the political history of India. In fact, Seoni district came in its present form in 1956 at the time of reorganization of the state after the independence of India. But the area under this district has been in existence since the prehistoric era. The area under this district has witnessed the rise and fall of dynasties like Nanda, Maurya, Shunga, Satavahana, Vakataka and Kalachuri in ancient times. In the Middle Ages this region was associated with the Gond dynasties of Garhmandala and Deogarh. Thereafter it remained under the Bhonsle rule of Nagpur. After 1818, British dominance was established on this area. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to throw light on the political journey of Seoni district from inception to 1818.

Seoni District, Political Tour.

1. Russell, R. whey; Central Provinces District Gazetteer, Seoni District, Allahabad, 1907, p. 01. 2. Strandley, Robert Armitage; Seoni Camp Life on the Satpura Range, London, 1877, p. 143-144. 3. Indian Archeology, A Review, 1959-60, p. 25. 4. Sharma, Rajkumar; Reference book on Archeology of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh (Pre-Muslim period), Madhya Pradesh Hindi Granth Academy, Bhopal, 2010, p. 148-167. 5. Dixit, MG; Archaeological Profile of Madhya Pradesh, Department of Archeology, Sagar University, 1954, p. 42. 6. Sharma, S. n; Seoni Ancient and Ancient, Diwakar Printers, Seoni, 1961, p. 03. 7. Sharma, S. n; Same. 8. Singh, Upinder; History of Ancient and Pre-medieval India, Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd., Noida, 2017, p. 289. 9. Seal, J. N.; History of the Central Provinces and Berar, Kolkata, 1917, p. 13. 10. Sharma, S. n; Same, p. 05. 11. Tiwari, Kapil Dev; Chhindwara Darpan, Arunodaya Prakashan, New Delhi, 2009, p. 108. 12. Sharma, Rajkumar; Same, p. 280. 13. Sinha, A.M.; Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteer, Balaghat, Department of Culture, Bhopal, 1998, p. 48. 14. Pathak, p. Janaki Prasad.; Seoni, Today and Tomorrow, Konark Computers, Seoni, 2004, p. 08. 15. Maheshwari R. Yes. (no) ; Shukla Abhinandan Granth History Division, Nagpur, 1955, p. 40. 16. Sharma, S. n; Same, p. 07. 17. Wills, C.U.; Rajgond Maharaja of Satpura Range, (Translator- Dr. Suresh Mishra), Radha Publications, New Delhi, 2018, p. 41-42. 18. Rai Bahadur Hiralal, Jabalpur District Gazetteer or Jabalpur Jyoti, 1919, p. 27. 19. Same, p. 28. 20. Pathak, p. Janaki Prasad.; Same, p. 08. 21. Mishra, Suresh (eds.); History of Madhya Pradesh Volume-2 Medieval and Maratha Period, Madhya Pradesh Hindi Granth Academy, Bhopal, 2015, p. 190. 22. Pathak, p. Janaki Prasad.; Same, p. 09. 23. Okte, Maruti Rao; Chhindwara Horizon - Authentic description of geographical, historical, cultural, educational and political changes of Chhindwara district, Hindi Pracharini Samiti, Chhindwara, p. 110 24. Pathak, p. Janaki Prasad.; Same, p. 09. 25. Prasad, Gokul, Wahi, p. 281. 26. Pathak, p. Janaki Prasad.; Same, p. 09-10. 27. Sharma, S. n; Same, p. 12. 28. Same.

This research paper deals with the topic entitled ?Study on Nutritional level status of patients suffering from oral cancer (with reference to Gwalior Region of Madhya Pradesh)?. As we know that Oral cancer is a type of cancer that can develop in any part of the mouth, including the tongue, the gums, the palate (roof of the mouth), under the tongue, the skin lining the mouth or the lips. Oral cancer is frequently regarded as called Mouth cancer. So, this paper mainly attempts to nutritional level of the respondents who are suffering from the disease in order to arrive at generalisation in this specific area and with these aspects. To take the study ahead, a self-made questionnaire was constructed for the verification of the objectives formed for this study. A sample of 30 respondents is considered from the Gwalior Region of Madhya Pradesh. It is found that majority of respondents consume non-veg as a part of their cancer diet and surprisingly it is found that all the respondents consume all the elements of nutrition in higher amount.

Oral cancer, Gwalior Region, Nutritional level.

1. Altieria, A.; Bosettia, C.; Gallusa, S. (2004). Wine, Beer and Spirits and Risk of Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer: A Case?Control Study from Italy and Switzerland. Oral Oncol; 40:904?909. 2. American Dental Association (2009). ?Oral Cancer?. Oral Health Topics.. http://www.ada.org/public/topics/cancer_oral.asp#facts 3. International Journal of Preventive Medicine?11(1):202 4. Balaram Prabha, Sridhar Hema, Rajkumar Thangarajan, Vaccarella Salvatore, Herrero Rolando, Nandkumar Ambakumar, Ravichandran Kandaswamy, Ramadas Kunnambath, Sankaranarayanan Rengaswamy (2002). oral cancer in southern India: The influence of smoking, drinking, paan chewing and oral hygiene: Int. J. Cancer: 98, Issue 3, Pages 440 ? 445. 5. www.shodhganga.inflibnet.in

Credit cards hold a very important function in today?s world. Credit cards make life easier, and can be a huge asset when used carefully and responsibly. The side of credit card lies in the fact that we can purchase many things at a time and can pay later off from credit card. The study revealed that the users of credit card in Bhilai are very less, even if people have knowledge about credit card, they are not using it. We find that nonusers pointed out the fact that safety and security level of credit card is very low, and if it got misplaced PIN No. will be leaked out, if another person knows the PIN, he/she will misuse credit card. Important fact is that if credit card got misplaced, then there is difficult to reissue it. The study also showed that in Bhilai people are more resorted towards savings and their income is less and hence concentrate more towards savings. People think that using credit card will tend to overspending and so people don?t prefer using credit card.

Credit Card, Security, Over Spending, Credit Card Usage.

1. Chakravorti, ?theory of credit card networks : A survey of the literature? 2003, Shodhganga. 2. Gupta, ?Legal and regulatory framework of credit cards? 2003, Shodhganga?.. Gambir,?Credit Card In India?, (1998), Shodhganga 3. Hawkins, Del I, Rojer, JBest, Mukherjee Amit, Consumer Behaviour, Tata McGrawhill,(2007) 4. K. Ramesh, Consumer Behaviour in Indian context,(2008) 5. Kapil, H.K., Research Methodology, Har Prasad Bhargav Publishing House.Pvt.ltd.,(2000) 6. Kothari C.R., Research Methodology-Methods And Techniques, Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi (2006) 7. Koul, Lokesh, Research Methodology of Educational Research, Fourth Edition(2000) 8. Lee, Jinkook, Consumers use of credit cards ; Store Credit card usage as an Alternative Payment and Financing Medium 2002, Shodhganga. 9. Natrajan And Manohar, Credit Card-An analysis, (1993), Shodhganga. 10. Park and Burns, Fashion Orientation Credit Card use, and compulsive buying 2005, Shodhganga. 11. Radhakrishan, Study on DEBIT CARDS, 1996, Shodhganga 12. Saha, The booming credit card business of Indian banker 2003, Shodhganga. 13. Swan, Made a survey on credit cards, A credit card : A competitive market, 2004, Shodhganga. 14. Sant, Credit Cards emerging Trends and Prospects, 2005, Shodhganga. Internet www.wikipedia.com www.google.com www.mapsofindia.com https//: shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in

Digital is defined as new technologies which means binary code. It's an easy way to share multiple cultures. Anthropology shows us how we can understand the new digital world in the context of wider social interactions and practices, how digital technology affects the anthropological method. Most of the people have considered the advent of information technology as a new pace. On hearing the word digital, the attention shifts to the online world. Information and Communication Technology in Schools is a centrally sponsored scheme launched in 2004 with the objective of providing educational facilities to secondary school students. But children studying in government schools do not have easily available mobile phones for online education. Government school teachers are not very active in providing online education. Despite these problems, information technology plays the role of a catalyst to improve the classroom and extracurricular learning. The scope of education can be increased by facilitating mobile reading and inclusive education.

Information technology, online education, secondary education, modern era.

1. Planning, Publication Division, Soochna Bhawan New Delhi, 2021, Jan. 2. Planning, Publication Division, Soochna Bhawan New Delhi, 2022, Jan. 3. Planning, Publication Division, Soochna Bhawan New Delhi, 2022, Feb. 4. Dainik Jagran newspaper. 5. Sahu Gayatri, Role of media in the development of children. 6. Pandey, Ravi Prakash, Globalization and Society. 7. Choubey, Saryu Prasad, Sociological basis of education. 8. Singh Pradeep, Chyawan Abhishek, (2014), Information and Communication Technology in Education. 9. Bhargava Naresh, (2014), Globalization, Sociological Perspectives, Rawat Publications. 10. Ahuja Ram, Social Problems, Rawat Publications. 11. www.google.com

The present research paper has been done on the problem of residential girls school and its solution in the promotion of girl child education in the state of Jharkhand. It is clear from the Jharkhand Economic Survey report conducted in 2015-16 that the enrollment of girl students in primary and upper primary schools has been found to be 50 percent, while female literacy in rural areas is only 56.2 percent as compared to 77.5 percent in urban areas. On the other hand, Jharkhand also has the highest dropout rate in comparison to other states in comparison to the whole country. If seen from the social point of view also, tribal girl students have the highest dropout rate. For a meaningful solution to this problem, many efforts were made by the Central and State Government, in which the establishment of 66 Residential Girls Schools and 203 Kasturba Gandhi Residential Girls Schools is notable. It is clear from the research study that many problems are being faced in the operation of these schools, which include lack of physical infrastructure and basic facilities, constant lack of permanent teachers, lack of proper management of hostels, timely supply of finance and financial management. Lack of coordination, lack of coordination in the department and school, lack of constant monitoring, lack of coordination with voluntary organizations, lack of first medical facilities are prominent, without which the qualitative goals of girl's education cannot be fulfilled. Only numerical goals can be achieved by setting up residential schools. Therefore, it is necessary that by ensuring community active public participation, only by fixing the responsibility, the said problem can be solved permanently.

Girls education, residential schools, qualitative goals, community active public participation.

1. Broken Aitwa (2019). The Need for Education and Some Emerging Dimensions in Women's Empowerment in India, Ramchandra Kumar and Mala Meshram (Edited), India of the 21st Century and in Relevance to Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar, Victorious Publishers Delhi, pp. 146-156. 2. Same page no. 146-156 3. Mukesh (June 04, 2021). Jharkhand at the bottom of SDG Hunger Index, Editorial, Times of India, Daily English News Paper, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/jkhand-at-bottom-of- sdg-hunger-index/articleshow/83215471.cms Retrieved on 25.03.2022. 4. Ekka Mahendra, (2019). Women's Empowerment Historical Perspectives and Ambedkar's Contribution, Ramchandra Kumar and Mala Meshram (Edited), India of the 21st Century and in Relevance to Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar, Victorious Publishers Delhi, pp. 54-64. 5. Census (2011) census2011.co.in/census/state/jharkhand.html#:~:text=Literacy%20rate% 20in%20Jharkhand%20has,literacy%20 is%20at%2055.42%20percent. Retrieved on 25.03.2022. 6. Singh, Ayushi, (August 3, 2020). Status of girl child education in Jharkhand. available on SSRN, https://ssrn.com/abstract=3686884 ;k http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3686884. Retrieved on 25.03.2022. 7. Census (2011) census2011.co.in/census/state/jharkhand.html#:~:text=Literacy%20rate% 20in%20Jharkhand%20has,literacy%20is%20at%2055.42%20percent. Retrieved on 25.03.2022. 8. https://en.unesco.org/themes/education-and-gender-equality 9. Kumar, Ramchandra (2017) Inclusive Education in India: Current Status, Challenges and Solutions, Victorious Publishers Delhi, pp. 158-16. 10. Kumar, Ramachandra (2017). Inclusive Education in India in the Context of Poverty Inequality and Exclusion Victorious Publishers Delhi.

In the early period, the concept of the interrelationship of human nature was predominant in nature, that is, human actions are controlled by natural laws. This ideology was characterized as naturalism. There was a change in ideology as a result of the technological development of man and the ideology of possibleism emerged. The intellectual and educational conflict continued between the supporters of both these ideologies. In this conflict, naturalists considered nature to be omnipotent, while on the other hand possibleists considered human achievements and changes to be omnipotent, which humans have earned through their knowledge, science, intelligence, tact, technological development. Possibilityist thought was addressed by the name of Viocrat. Lucien Fabre, a French historian, named the ideology that gave importance to human actions as possibleism. There are possibilities everywhere in nature, man is the master of these possibilities and uses them according to his decisions. Possibilityist thinkers have given more importance to human beings than the natural environment. When people come in contact with the geographical environment, they also bring changes in the geographical environment. Febre has his geographical introduction to History is written in ?There are no necessities, but everywhere possibilities and man as a master of these possibilities is the judge of their use?. That is, there is no inevitability, there are possibilities everywhere and man, being the master of these possibilities, is the decider of their use.

Determinism, Possibilityism, Neo Determinism, Viocrate, Almighty.

1. http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/7867/1/BVAAP%2017%282%29%20168-174.pdf 2. http://shodh.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2875/2/02_introduction.pdf 3. https://www.allresearchjournal.com/archives/2017/vol3issue1/PartK/5-4-40-783.pdf 4. https://nios.ac.in/media/documents/333H/26.pdf 5. https://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1807499.pdf 6. https://www.drdo.gov.in/sites/default/files/prodhyogic-vishesh-document/pv_mar_apr_18.pdf 7. https://web.sol.du.ac.in/my_modules/type/cbcs-30-3/data/root/M.A.%20Hindi/Semester%203/Paper%20303-%20Hindi%20Ke%20Anye%20Gagay%20Roop/Adhyayan%20 Saamgri%20-%20Unit%201%20to%204.pdf 8. https://spc.uk.gov.in/department1/library_file/file-18-10-2021-06-01-05.pdf 9. https://www.padhaimantra.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/chapter-9-min.pdf 10. http://new.dbrau.org.in/bitstream/123456789/55072/1/VP%2068-69%289%29%2040-42.pdf

Mental retardation is a disability in which both intelligence and adaptive behavior are limited. ideological, social and disability which occurs before the age of 18 years. Such children are given admission and training in special schools, which are provided by special teachers in a special environment with special materials and special arrangements. The parents of these children have high expectations from such special schools so that their special children can be well looked after, education and behavior can be changed. The present study is related to this topic, in which 50 parents have studied two hypotheses. No significant difference will be obtained in the expectations of parents of mentally retarded children of dense and poor families from special schools and significant difference will not be obtained in the expectations of parents of mentally retarded children of joint and nuclear families from special schools. The parents of joint and nuclear families and parents of dense and poor families were asked for information in a questionnaire of 35 questions prepared by the study researcher. After collection, arrangement and statistical analysis of the data by the study researcher, it was concluded that there was no significant difference in the expectations of the parents of mentally retarded children of the poor and poor families from the special schools, but from the special schools of the parents of the joint and nuclear families. There was a significant difference in expectations. There is an expectation from the special schools of the dense and poor parents that the child should be provided with advanced techniques for development so that his development can take place well. In a joint family, the child can be taken care of by other members of the family as well. You can provide facilities to your child after consulting the particular school. In nuclear family, parents are not able to give much time to the child because they have to do household chores, so they have high expectations from special schools. For all these reasons, a significant difference was found between the parents of the joint and nuclear family from the special school.

Mental retarded boys and girls, dense parents, poor parents, special schools.

1. Asthana Vipin, Elementary Statistical Methods, Agra, Vinod Book Mandir. 2. Bajpai LB, Distinguished Child, Gaya Publications, Gaya. 3. Khaparde M., (1987), Mental Retardation and its causes. Journal of Education review, page no. 20-23 4. Kapil HK, Research Methods, Vinod Prakashan, Agra. 5. Corner David, Sethi (2005), A study of self concept of mentally Retarded Children, Journal of Education, Page no. 25-34 6. Joseph RA, Special Education and Rehabilitation, Integration Publishers, Varanasi. 7. Das, Gupta, (1968), Effect of Environment factor on Mental Etardation, Journal of Indian Education, page.no. 42-44 8. Pathak PD, Educational Psychology, Agra, Vinod Book Mandir.

Today we are living in the 21st century, during which a lot has changed in the world. After the terrible tragedy of World War II, it was understood that human beings should have certain rights only by being human, so the United Nations made the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 itself. But the Convention on the Elimination of All Kinds of Discrimination Against Women was adopted by the United Nations in 1979 and 161 countries, including India, ratified this convention in 1998. The 20th century ended in the adoption of only this convention by all countries. Attempts are being made by all countries to enforce the human rights of women in the 21st century. In this emphasis has been laid on the dignity of man, equal rights of women and men, non-discrimination, eradication of deprivation of poor women from food, health, education, training, employment etc., eradication of apartheid etc. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has urged the 21st century to be a century ensuring equality for women. Gender inequality and discrimination against women and girls is widespread around the world. Women are in worse condition than men. Women also face great barriers to their human rights. Many young women have created history by overcoming obstacles, but that is not enough. Violence, discrimination, inequality against women has become a common thing in the present times. One in three women have faced some form of violence in their lifetime. Despite all the legal protection, women are not getting their human rights, which they should get. It is necessary that the errors are identified and continuous efforts are made to ensure that women get their human rights.

Human rights, natural rights, dignity, women, discrimination, equality.

1. Gaba Om Prakash, (2006), Contemporary Political Theory, Peacock Papers, Delhi 2006, p. No. 156. 2. Same, p. No. 158. 3. Same, p. No. 159. 4. Same, p. No. 160-161. 5. Sharma Subhash, (2017) Human Rights in India, National Book Trust, Delhi, p. No. 73. 6. Gupta Statue, (2019) ?Indian Women and Human Rights Knowledge Garima Sindhu-Journal, Issue- 63, July-September 2019, Page No.- 103. 7. Same, page No. 104. 8. Same, p. No. 105. 9. Sharma Subhash, (2017), Human Rights in India, National Book Trust, Delhi, p. No. 87. 10. Same, p. No. 88. 11. Drishti The Vision New Bill on Triple Talaq passed by Lok Sabha, Page No. 2. 12. Dristhias.com/hindi/... 13. Singh Richa, (2019), ?The Development Process of Female Discourse in India, An Analytical Study? Gyan Garima Sindhu-Journal, Issue- 63, July-September- 2019, Page No.- 97.

India is a diverse society. Despite these diversities, a unique similarity and unity among other communities has always existed in India. Whose culture is liberal, because in Indian culture every animal has been adopted and good behavior has been said. Our community, including animals, birds and animals, adopts, nurtures and nurtures the physically and mentally handicapped. But the family and society have kept the people of the third gender (transgender) out of the human due to gender discrimination only. Whose life is dark, struggling and surrounded by difficulties. Due to which this community continues to face health related challenges from birth till death.

Third gender, health and conflict.

1. Prasad Dharamshila, (1999), Bharti Social Association, Students' Friends, Patna. 2. Tripathi Lakshmi, (2015), Main Hijra ....Main Lakshmi, Vani Prakashan, New Delhi. 3. Lilhare Payal, (2020), Third Gender Discourse in Hindi Literature, Vanya Publications, Kanpur. 4. Pathak Vinay Kumar, (2019), Kinnar-Discourse, Dasha and Direction, Bhavna Publications, Delhi. 5. Sihag Naresh, (2021), Bohl research paper in context of eunuch discourse, history, society and literature. 6. Mishra Kumar Gaurav, (2016), Janakriti, International Monthly Magazine August Issue-18, Part-2. 7. Raveena Bariha, (2019), Third Nature Jalchim Munjpvad Smt. Social Welfare Department, Chhattisgarh. 8. Reback, C., Simon, P., Bemis, C., et al. (2001), The Los Angeles transgender health study. Community report. Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles. 9. Kenagy, G., (2005), The health and social service needs of transgender people in Philadelphia, International Journal of Transgenderism, 8(2/3) 49-56. 10. Kenagy, G. & Bostwick, W., (2005), Health and social service needs of transgender people in Chicago, International Journal of Transgenderism, 8(2/3),57-66. 11. Josh Talks : Story of Trans Govt- officer/Amruta soni (you tube video)

Today, due to rising inflation and children's education, a large part of the family's income ends, in such a situation it is natural to remain an economic problem. Working women teachers have to play a dual role - one as a wife, mother and housewife and the other job. Due to the dual demands and tensions of both home and job, many problems arise, this problem arises because she is not able to reconcile both the roles. Conflicts and tensions also arise in his conscience because of his desire to successfully discharge his responsibilities both at home and outside.

Female teacher, non-government school, economic status.

1. Kapoor Pramila, Working Indian Woman, Governor and Sons Kashmere Gate, Delhi p. 38, 1976. 2. Gupta Subhash Chandra, Working Women and Indian Society, Arjun Publishing House, p. 20, 2004. 3. Bhilai AILO Report, p. 25, 1964. 4. Kurukshetra, Research Officer Public Resource Research Institute, I.P.Estate M.G. Marg New Delhi, November 2001. 5. Departmental Website District Korba.

Various types of factors come under environmental environment which directly affect and determine any condition such as light, temperature, wind, humidity and soil etc. ?The entry of contaminants into these natural environments, which cause adverse changes in the environment, is called pollution.? At present, pollution is a serious problem not only in India but on a global scale. Various regions of the world are today suffering from environmental pollution, of which India and the state of Chhattisgarh are not untouched. The Korba district of Chhattisgarh state, which is known as the city of energy, is witnessing a rapid increase in the level of pollution, which is clearly affecting the environment here.

Environmental conditions, global environmental pollution, waste, particulate pollutants, quality.

1. Thomas M. Smith, Elements of Ecology. 2. Environment and Ecology, Drishti Publications. 3. Ojha, MK, Ecology and Environment. 4. www.enviscecb.org. 5. Verma, L.N., Ch.G. Academy of Geographical Studies, Chhattisgarh Hindi Granth.

Today we need to consider the alternatives of ground water. Rain water has to be conserved and stopped from being wasted. Rain water contains a mixture of dissolved nutrients from the atmosphere and nutrients that come from the fields. This quality water can be used to increase the production of crops by adopting new and advanced technology for agriculture and to make proper management of water and to spread consciousness among the common people, there is a need to run a mass movement in the society.

Ground water, rain water, farm pound, advanced technology, agricultural productivity and area.

1. Agriculture Department, Pant Bhawan, Jaipur. 2. Kurukshetra, October 2019, Year 65, Issue 12, Page 56. 3. Assistant Agriculture Officer, Govindgarh, Jaipur. 4. Tehsil Chaumu, Jaipur. 5. Kurukshetra September 2019, Year 66, Issue 11, Page 56. 6. Economic Review, Year 2021-22, Rajasthan. 7. Daily Newspaper: Dainik Bhaskar, Rajasthan Patrika.

Agriculture is the basis of economic development of Chhattisgarh, more than 80 percent of the population in the state is based on agriculture. The most important for biodiversity is conservation and promotion and the study area of ??agricultural production, three blocks Umda, Jarwaya, Somani have been selected in Durg district, under which it has been found in the interview of the farmers present that the conservation of biodiversity means the earth. But the surviving plants and animals have to be protected. For this, where residential facility is provided on the one hand, there is a ban on destroying them and in agricultural production, the management of environment, land, water, organic-food and crop residues is necessary and important for the farmers.

Agriculture, crops, biodiversity, land.

1. Coppock, J.T. (1986) The Geography of Agriculture, Jour, Agr, Eco.19.PP 153-175 2. Coppock. J. T. (1986) The Cartographic repersentations of British Agricultural Statistics Geo.So.PP 101.114. 3. Despande C.D. (1965) Geography of the Cotton Zone of Bombay karnatak.Jnd.Geog.Jour. 17.1. 4. Dubey R.S. (1987) Agricultural Geography. New Delhi Gyan Publication. 5. Dwyer. D.L. (1964) Irrigation and land problem in the Central plain of Luzon Geog.49 PP 236 ? 246 6. Sharma P.D. (2004) Ecology and Environment. 7. Bharucha P.D. (2005) Textbook of Environment Studies. 8. Gupta Arunesh (2021) Shodh Samagam Aditi Publication Raipur (Chhattisgarh) Year 2, Issue 2.p 1604-1605 9. Patel Anurag Dushyant and Ramesh (2019) Biodiversity and Management Technology and Useful Instruments or KRINU. P- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh). p. 30-34 10. Verma Himanshu (2021) Fruit Residue Management Article - Prerna Negi Department of Discipline Science School of Dehradun (Uttarakhand) p.5

Secondary education provides the desired direction to the power of the nation. It is the focal point of the entire educational program of the nation because it serves an important function of linking primary and higher education. In this context Humayun Kabir has said that - "Secondary education is such a link of education which firmly binds primary and higher education in one link." The historical perspective of the formal organizational structure is a hundred years old, which has been divided into three parts - secondary education, national movement and secondary education before independence and secondary education after independence. It is clear from the study that pre-independence formal organizations of secondary education developed under British rule and by that time 12,693 secondary schools had been established in which 29,53,996 students were enrolled, whereas after independence its number increased to 80,000 schools in 2010-11. and the number of enrolled students has increased to 2.10 crores.

Secondary education, education policies, primary education, higher education.

1. Saxena, N. R. Swarup (2011), Philosophical and Sociological Theories of Education; R. Lal Book Depot, Near Government College, Begum Bridge Road, Meerut. 2. Sharma, R.A. (2013), Philosophical and Social Fundamentals of Education, R. Lal Book Depot, Near Government Inter College, Begum Bridge Road, Meerut. 3. Walia, JS (2009), Secondary Education and School Management; Aham Pal Publishers, N.N.11, Gopal Nagar, Jalandhar City, Punjab. 4. Kapil, H.K. (2015), Research Methods; H.P. Bhargava Book House, 4/230, Kachari Ghat, Agra. 5. Sharma, R.A. (2012), Education Administration and Management; R. Lal Book Depot, Near Government Inter College, Meerut. 6. Bhatnagar, Suresh (2009), ?Modern Indian Education and its Problems?; R. Lal Book Depot, Near Government Inter College, Meerut. 7. Pathak, P.D. and K.P. Mangal (2013-14), Basis and Development of Education in Emerging Indian Society; Agarwal Publications, 28/115, Jyoti Block, Sanjay Place, Agra-2 8. Walia, JS (2014-15), Foundations of Educational Psychology; Aham Pal Publishers, N.N.11, Gopal Nagar, Jalandhar City, Punjab. 9. Pathak, P.D. (2013), Educational Psychology; Agarwal Publications, 28/115, Jyoti Block, Sanjay Place, Agra-2 10. Agarwal, J.C. and S. Gupta (2011), Vision of Indian Secondary Education in the 21st Century; Shipra Publications, No.18.19A Pankaj Central Market, Patparganj, Delhi. 11. Mathur, S.S., Teacher and Secondary Education; Agarwal Publications, 28/115, Jyoti Block, Sanjay Place, Agra-2 12. Singh, Kranti Kumar (2008), Study of mental ability and creativity of rural and urban boys and girls at secondary level; Ph.D., Psychology, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur. 13. Verma, Mridul Kumar (2003), Relationship of academic achievement of secondary school students with their intelligence, adjustment and achievement motivation; Ph.D. Education, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh. 14. S.P. Gupta (2013), Problems of Modern Indian Education, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, p. 115 15. Singh, Akash Deep (2019), Effect of intelligence, achievement motivation and adjustment on academic achievement of secondary school students of Baransi district, Ph.H. D. Dissertation, Faculty of Education, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi Uttar Pradesh. 16. Mishra, Girishwar, Hope of Shiksha, Indian Modern Education, Year 39 Issue 4, April 2019, Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi, Pages 5 - 11, NCERT Campus, https://www.education.gov.in, National Education Policy 2020

Digital marketing is the promotion of products and services via the use of internet-connected gadgets. Digital marketing refers to advertising that takes place on online media platforms & links companies & customers. With the passage of time, customers have begun to pay greater attention to digital marketing. There are numerous other sorts of electronic connections, including such search engine advertising, online advertising, online marketing, and so on. Rather of explicitly selling the goods, digital technologies involve the client in beneficial ideas and then encourage her / him to react on those alternatives Today?s modern economical expansion & advancement have resulted in significant increases in digital marketing tendencies, which have resulted in a thriving profession. It is a full shift since it connects individuals all over the globe in an uncomplicated manner. Digital marketing has brought about a complete revolution in engaging prospective customers by employing a variety of techniques that are adaptable enough to deal with challenging scenarios. It is the purpose of this article to investigate the impact of different digital marketing elements on customer purchasing behavior when it comes to electronic devices. The current investigation is mostly qualitative in character. But, there are some individuals who continue to have reservations about the usage of technologies in everyday life. There are also just few folks who are still unsure about how to use modern technologies. As a result, the focus of this research is to investigate the influence of buying behavior toward digital marketing & online goods.

Digital Marketing, Products, Customer, Data, Marketing, Social Media, Behavior, Purchasing.

1. Moreno F, Lafuente J, Carre?n F, Moreno S. The Characterization of the Millennials and Their Buying Behavior. International Journal of Marketing Studies. 2017;9(5):135. 2. Zin Aris A, Abdul Mutalib S, Tunku Ahmad T, Amlus M., Examining The Relationships between Attitude Towards Behaviour, Subjective Norms and Entrepreneurial Intention among Engineering Students. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018;150:05011. 3. Halvadia N, Menon S. A, Study on the Impact of Existing and Emerging Trends in Digital Marketing on Consumer Buying Behavior. SKIPS Anveshan. 2021;2(1). 4. Wang C. Online Shopper Behavior: Influences of Online Shopping Decision. Asian Journal of Business Research. 2011;1(2). 5. George J. The theory of planned behavior and Internet purchasing. Internet Research. 2004;14(3):198-212. 6. Lavelle B. Entrepreneurship Education?s Impact on Entrepreneurial Intention Using the Theory of Planned Behavior: Evidence From Chinese Vocational College Students. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy. 2019;4(1):30-51. 7. Role of Digital Marketing on Buying Behaviour of Youth. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering. 2019;8(4S3):386-388. 8. Makkar D. Impact of Promotional Tools on the Consumer Buying Behavior in Insurance Sector ? An Empirical Study. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2009;. 9. Alessa A. Entrepreneurial intention among saudi students: The role of personal attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavior control. SMART Journal of Business Management Studies. 2019;15(1):50. 10. Asamoah E, Chovancov? M. The influence of price endings on consumer behavior: an application of the psychology of perception. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis. 2014;59(7):29-38. 11. Ingenbleek P, van der Lans I. Relating price strategies and price setting practices. European Journal of Marketing. 2013;47(1/2):27-48. 12. Kociae M, Radakoviae K. The importance of digital marketing in the customer relationship management process. Marketing. 2018;49(1):44-51. 13. Rangaswamy A, Moch N, Felten C, van Bruggen G, Wieringa J, Wirtz J. The Role of Marketing in Digital Business Platforms. Journal of Interactive Marketing. 2020;51:72-90. 14. Alves H, Fernandes C, Raposo M. Social Media Marketing: A Literature Review and Implications. Psychology & Marketing. 2016;33(12):1029-1038. 15. Berman R, Katona Z. The Role of Search Engine Optimization in Search Marketing. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2011;. 16. Duffy D. Affiliate marketing and its impact on e commerce. Journal of Consumer Marketing. 2005;22(3):161-163. 17. Anderson J. New Technology Briefing: Video e-mail ? The next generation of e-mail marketing?. Interactive Marketing. 2003;4(3):281-284. 18. Kirat M. Promoting online media relations: Public relations departments? use of Internet in the UAE. Public Relations Review. 2007;33(2):166-174. 19. Pikula-Malachowska J. Content Marketing as a Modern Tool of Market Communication. Marketing iZarzadzanie. 2017;47:291-299. 20. lakhal c. Social networks: what influence on consumer behavior?. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2020;. 21. Uncles M, Dowling G, Hammond K. Customer loyalty and customer loyalty programs. Journal of Consumer Marketing. 2003;20(4):294-316. 22. Online Impulse Buying Behavior of Consumer Triggered by Digital Marketing. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering. 2019;8(2S6):648-653. 23. Word of Mouth. Word of Mouth. 2009;21(2):1-16. 24. ASSERTIVENESS OF CONSUMERS TOWARDS ONLINE PURCHASE DECISION. Strad Research. 2021;8(1). 25. Khatri D., How Digital Marketing along with Artificial Intelligence is Transforming Consumer Behaviour?. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology. 2021;9(VII):523-527. 26. Mathew V, Soliman M. Does digital content marketing affect tourism consumer behavior? An extension of technology acceptance model. Journal of Consumer Behaviour. 2020;20(1):61-75. 27. M K. Influence of Digital Marketing on Consumer Purchase Behavior. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development. 2018;Volume-3(Issue-1):836-839.

India's foreign policy relationship with Russia has been a major pillar. Presently Russia-Ukraine war has presented a challenge to India. On the one hand India has to maintain its relations with the United States and other Western countries while on the other hand it is a challenging subject to maintain its strategic and historical ties with Russia. Foreign policy is also going to be affected somewhere due to the escalation of the Russia-Ukraine war, so India is also facing many problems, because by the year 2020, the share of Russian weapons and equipment in the Indian army was about 60 percent. Both India and Russia continue to be strong partners according to the current scenario.

Russia-Ukraine conflict, Operation Ganga, Defense Equipment, Project 75-P.

1. 28 March Dainik Jagran, Lucknow, 2022. 2. 30 March Rashtriya Sahara, Lucknow, 2022. 3. Current Kamal Jyoti Patrika (Feb-March) 2022. 4. 27 March ?Ek Jhalak Rajdhani Ko? Lucknow, 2022. 5. Mohan Rawat, Indo-Russian Relations, Gyan Publishers, Delhi, 1998.

There is a socio-economic study of the people living in the highland area of Kabirdham district, rich in natural wealth of Chhattisgarh on the ancient soil of India, in which 151 families have been studied mainly from the high land area. In this area, economic and social studies of selected villages have been done by sampling method.

High ground, economic, social.

1. Gautam, Alka, (2005), Fundamentals of Economic Geography, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Publications and Distributors 11 University Road Allahabad Transition. 2. Panda, BP, (1995), Population Geography, Madhya Pradesh Hindi Granth, Academy Rabindranath Thakur Marg Bhopal, 462003, Preeti, Transition. 3. Mamoria, Quadrilateral, Human Geography, Agra Sahitya Bhavan Publication. 4. Tripathi, Cap, Lender, (2001) Geography of Chhattisgarh, Sharda Publications. 5. Tripathi, RD, Janaki, (2002), Demography and Population Studies, Vasundhara Publications, 23 Daudpur, Gorakhpur, full print. 6. Tiwari, Ramchandra, (1996) Agricultural Geography, Prayag Book Building. 7. Seema, Ravindra, (2002) Geomorphology, Vasundhara Publications, 236, Daudpur, Gorakhpur. 8. Chandna, Aarti, Population Geography, Kalyani, 1 March Ludhiana.

The biggest change in the history of India after independence, GST will fulfill the goal of one nation, one market. This will benefit the industry, government and consumers. This tax is technology driven and will reduce human intervention. The Goods and Services Tax has been implemented in the entire country from 1st July 2017. Due to India's role in the world economy, GST will prove its contribution as the competitiveness of Indian products in the national and international markets will increase, which will increase exports. GST will also be successful in curbing black money as a trader will have to obtain a GSTN number. Through this, small companies will also come under the tax net. 17 Central and State taxes will subsume 22 types of cess in the new Goods and Services Tax. There were 97 types of returns in the value and addition tax (VAT) of different states, which had to be filled in 28 details and 317 other annexures and 13 return forms for Central Excise had to be filled and details also had to be given. Even challans were of 12 types. Presently after GST, 12 forms have to be filled uniformly across the country with only one challan. The goal of GST is to make the payment process of taxes simple, smooth and convenient. The system is unique as it seeks to share common IT infrastructure between the Center and the States and establish a common interface for taxpayers.

Freedom, GST, Economy, Exports, Value and Growth Tax, Payment System.

1. Lal SN, A Survey and Analysis of the Indian Economy. 2. Tyagi and Singh Public Finance. 3. Laxmikant, The Polity of India. 4. Chauhan Vineet, Pushpkant, Goods and Services Tax. 5. Anoop Modi, Gupta Mahesh, Indirect Taxes: Goods and Services Tax. 6. Sharma Sanjeet, Anand Shaileja, Good and Services Tex. 7. Mehrotra HC, Agarwal BP, Goods and Services Tax and Customs. 8. GST Collection October 2020. www.bhaskar.com 9. Gift of Finance Minister, Hindi News Hindi News. 10. Scheme Monthly Magazine, August 2017.

Premchand without whom the imagination of Hindi literature is incomplete. He is one of the greatest Indian writers of Hindi. Premchand developed such a tradition of Hindi poet and novel which guided the literature of entire Hindi. His writings are such a legacy of the Hindi literature without which the study of Hindi development shall be incomplete.

Creative, Legacy, Subduedness, Attitude, Realism.

1. Best Stories of Premchand, Premchand Sahitya Diamond Pocket Books (1st ed. 2004). 2. Rambaksh, Premchand and the Indian Farmer, also available in research book form, 1st ed. 1982, Vani Publications. 3. Premchand's Kisan in our time, special issue of Janmat Patrika January 2006. 4. Land: Narrative of the ground realities of rural society, Sridharam, Lamhi Patrika, January-March 2014. 5. Premchand, Karmabhoomi, Hans Prakashan, Allahabad. 6. Premchand, Godan, Saraswati Press, Allahabad. 7. Balwant Sahu Jadav, Premchand Literature in Dalit Consciousness, Alka Publications, Kanpur, 1st ed. 1991. 8. Sudesh Baksh, Hindi Novel: Dalit Perspectives. 9. Ram Vilas Sharma, Premchand and his era, Rajkamal Publications. 10. Namvar Singh, Premchand and the Indian Farmer, Concept and Form of the Indian Novel, Editor- Alok Gupta, Rajpal Publications. 11. Madan Indunath, Premchand A Discussion, p. 4. 12. Forster E. M., Aspects of the Novel, page 55. 13. Goswami Kishorilal, Sukhswari Bhumika. 14. Vashneya Laxmisagar, Modern Hindi Literature, p. 96. 15. Hudson W.H., An introduction to the study of literature, page 132. 16. Percy lubock the craft of fiction. 17. MaithiliRuranagupta, Yashodhara, p. 89 (Samvat 1989 Sanskrit).