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The only way to cope with the challenge of life. Hold that supreme power to help you overcome the toughest clocks of life. It is the most important tool. Guru and Govind. Education is an important contributor to the progress of any country. Education is not just a journey from present to present, but it is such a path from past to future. Which has to pass through the current bridge. Along with the development of civilization, education has taken supreme place in the process of development. Education is a process that goes on for life. Therefore every person needs a Guru and Govinda. Which are helpful in paving the way for students with their ideals and values. The main objective of the research paper presented is to find out the role of public teachers in solving educational problems.

Public teacher, educational problems and solutions

1. Rai, Parasnath, (2004), Research Introduction Laxminarayan Aggarwal, Agra. 2. Asthana, Vipin, Agrawal Ramnarayan, Measurement and Evaluation in Psychology and Education, Vinod Pustak Mandir, Agra, New Editions. 3. Bhargava Mahesh, (1999), Modern Psychological Testing and Measurement Twelfth Edition, H.P. Bhargava, Book House Agra-2. 4. Chabe, S.P., (1975), Indian Education, Its Problems, Trends and Innovations, Law Book Depot, College Road Meerut. 5. Srivastava, Dr. DN, Verma Dr. Preeti, (2005), Statistical Vinod Book Temple in Psychology and Education, Agra.

Indian economy is dependent upon two factors they are consumption and investment. Concrete steps have been taken by the government for investment but to increase consumption proper steps must be taken to improve the GDP growth rate. Reduction in GDP growth rate means common man is not getting proper goods and services for which they are demanding at appropriate rate. Impact of lower GDP on common man means a proportionate decline in per capita income. Further high inequality distribution of income is likely to have adverse effect on the economy and correspondingly the number of people below poverty line could rise. A decline in the GDP growth rate could mean a decline in the employment opportunities. So, it takes toll on average income of the people and signals a squeeze on job opportunities.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP), consumption, investment, structural reform.

1. https://www.thebalance.com 2. https://www.ehitavads.com 3. https://belonging.barkeley.edu 4. ddnews.gov.in 5. epaper.enavabharat.com 6. https://yespunjab.com 7. https://www.sciencedirect.com 8. https://english.madhyamam.com 9. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com 10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 11. https://www.businesstoday.in 12. https://quizlet.com 13. https://medium.com 14. http://icanacademy.in 15. https://www.quora.com

In India majority of the population resides in rural areas where means of livelihood is difficult. As per 2011 census (Provisional), the rural population of India stands at 833.1 million (68.84 %) of the total population of 1,210.2 million and having 6,40,867 villages. More than half of the rural population relies on agriculture which fails to satisfy their needs and demand. In addition to this they also requires formal safety nets to reduce their vulnerably and to sustain their livelihoods. Although Government of India has initiated several safety net programme like PDS (Public Distribution System), Public Assistance Programmes and Public Works Schemes earlier, but there is a need to provide social protection programme. To meet this requirement Government of India has passed National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) in August 2005. In Maharastra earlier Employment Guarantee Schemes (EGS) has merged into NREGA. In fact, NREGA was officially launched on February 2. 2006 in 200 of India’s most backward districts to implement this Act. In October 2009, Mahatma Gandhi (MG) was added as a prefix to the acronym of the NREGA programme and the reacronym now is MGNREGA. This legislation states that each rural Indian household is now entitled by law to 100 days of unskilled work per year on public works programmes and within 15 days of a valid application the government must provide work or an unemployment allowance. Social Audit is one of the important components kept in MGNREGA. NREGA is being considered as the world’s largest social security programme so targeting about 45 million poor people. This is not a welfare programme but a development initiative, chipping in with crucial public investments for creation of durable assets, which can provide much-needed momentum to growth in most backward areas of India. Role of Job Card is very instrumental in NREGA. Basically it is free cost and need to be issued by gram panchayat within 15 days after receiving an application, and employment is to be given within 15 days of issuance of job card, failing which unemployment allowance has to be paid as per the norms prescribed by NREGA. The general scenario shows that only 34 % households registered under NREGA received job However in a survey of 1000 NREGAS last year Maharastra state covers about 9.84% of the total geographical areas of India. In Maharastra, NREGA was implemented in a phased manner. First phase was started on 2nd February, 2006 and covered 12 districts, while second phase covered 6 more districts. Third phase started on 1st April 2008, covering all remaining districts. The works undertaken under NREGA in Maharastra were mainly related to rural irrigation, water conservation and harvesting, draught proofing, land development and water bodies.

NREGS NREGA.

1. http://nrega.nic.in 2. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1941959&rec=1&srcabs= 1000215&alg=1&pos=3 3. http://www.gov.in 4. http://www.nrega.net 5. http://www.nrega.nic.in/guidelines.htm 6. http://nrega.nic.in/nrega_guidelines.pdf 7. Verma,G. (2009) ‘NREGA becomes MGNREGA’,DNA India,(New delhi) 3 Oct (online, available: http://www.dnaindia.com/india/reportnrega-becomes mgnrega) 8. Shah,M.(2004). National Rural Employment guarantee Act: A historic opportunity, Economics and political weekly, Vol XXX (39), pp:5287-5291. 9. NREGA (2010b) National home Page, Circulars and Data, ministry of rural development,GOI, New delhi(online, available: www.nrega.nic.in). 10. MGNREGA (2013), operational guidelines, 4th edtion. 11. http://www.epw.in/tags/mgnrega.

Presented research paper fiction literature and Dr. Sudha is related to Arora's introductory vision. The researcher has studied the writings and works of Sudha Arora in the context of fiction. Katha is a genre of prose writing in Hindi. A new genre of prose developed in the nineteenth century, known as Katha Sahitya (story). In Bengali language it is called gulp. Katha traveled from English to Hindi through Bangla. Katha is another form of prose literature and a form of literature more popular than fiction. Along with the birth of man, Katha was also born and telling and listening to Katha became the primitive nature of human beings. For this reason stories are found in every civilized and uncivilized society. Stories have a long and rich tradition in our country.

Fiction literature, social.

1. Arora Sudha, Uncut, (Story Collection), Unit Publications, Allahabad. 2. Arora Sudha, many questions (discourse) arising from the role of female power, Streekal magazine. 3. Dr. Lakshmisagar Varshney, twentieth century, Hindi literature new references. 4. Dr. Shambhunath Singh, (1956), The Evolution of Hindi Epics, 1st ed. 5. Arora, Sudha, A Woman's Notebook (Story Discussion), Manav Prakashan, Kolkata. 6. Arora Sudha, Rahogi Tum Wahi (Story Collection), Remadhav Publications Pvt. Ltd., Noida. 7. Arora Sudha, Fasting of Bhagmati Pandine i.e. Stuffed Karela on Karwachaith, when the fetish speaks, Lokabharati Prakashan, Allahabad. 8. Arora Sudha, Kala Friday (Story Collection), Rajkamal Publications, New Delhi. 9. Arora Sudha, A Woman: Teen Batta Char (Story Collection), Bodhi Publications, Jaipur. 10. Arora Sudha, 21 Best Stories (Story Collection), Diamond Pocket Books, New Delhi.

The presented research paper is being presented on the social, cultural and literary introduction of Auraiya district: A study. The extensive territory of Raya district, which comes under Uttar Pradesh's Kanpur division, used to come in Agra Commissionerate earlier. Subsequently, under Allahabad Commissionerate, and since August 16, 1988, Kanpur Commissionerate came under. Auraiya district is the land of martyrs, poets and litterateurs. The soil here has given many examples by giving birth to many brave sons. The poetic stream here flows throughout the country, making the rasas a rasp, and makes a place in their heart. There is a long list of litterateurs here. The researcher, while doing research in this field, has studied the social, cultural and literary background of the place and presented it as an introduction.

Social, cultural and literary introduction.

1.Shree Janta Inter College Ajeetmal (Auraiya) UP. 2. Sanskar Culture Religion, Brahmalin Dharma Samrat Swami Shri Karayati Ji Maharaj Kalyan Sanskar Issue Year 80 Issue Geeta Press Garkhpur. 3. 1 Kalyan Hindu Culture Issue Year 24 Issue 1, Hindu Culture Jagadguru Shankaracharya, Jyatirmaya Badarikashya. 4. Dr. Rajeshwar Prasad Chaturvedi, innovative literary essay. 5. (1961), Literature and Value, Publisher Rajasthan Sahitya Academy, Udaipur Rajasthan. 6. Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Hindi Literature, Granthavali Part-3. 7. Dr. Ramkumar Sharma, The Development Role of Hindi literature. 8. Manjul Mrinalika, S.No. Am Narayan Chaturvedi, (1998), (© Raiya District Specification), Manjul Publications and © Raiya Hindi Promotion Fund and Raiya, January-March. 9. Hardayalu Singh, (1953), Dev-Darshan, Publications Indian Press Ltd. Prayag

Giriraj Sharan Aggarwal introduced human history in child stories. The depiction of human life and the behaviors, problems and duality of inter-caste etc. is the subject of the story. This means that the story selects the content for the construction of its plot from the life and the world. Dr. Aggarwal has chosen his stories from the society itself. In these stories, curiosity of human life and the relationship between the family and problems can be seen anywhere. Dr. The story of Aggarwal's stories revolves around social, political, family and psychological phenomena. Dr. The narrative of Aggarwal's fiction can be analyzed in this background.

Fiction literature, duality, psychology.

1. Dr. Kamalkishore Goenka, Dr. Meena Aggarwal, (2016): Giriraj Sharan Aggarwal Rachnavali Bal Sahitya Samagra, Hindi Sahitya Niketan, Bijnor (U.P.) ed. 2. Dr. Harish Kumar Singh Singh Dr. Giriraj Sharan Agarwal, (2006): Person and Literature, Hindi Sahitya Niketan, Bijnor (U.P.). 3. Robin Sha, Curiosity, Prabhat Publications, New Delhi. 4. Dr. Giriraj Sharan Aggarwal, (1994) Curiosity, Prabhat Publications New Delhi. 5. Ram Avadh Dwivedi, outline of development of Hindi literature. 6. Maria Matensary, Child Art: A Psychoanalytical Study (Special Reference Vanasthali Vidyapeeth).

Indian consumers must be well informed that, in achieving their corporate goals, organizations now bear great responsibility to develop healthy environment and aware society. The aim of this study is assessment of impact of corporate social responsibility on consumer buying behavior in Jharkhand state and to analyze whether consumers reckons organization’s CSR initiatives before purchasing decisions of goods and services. In this research paper, researcher adopted Carroll definition of CSR to address whole range of economic, legal and philanthropic responsibilities of organization. A survey method and questionnaire in this regard was carried out and 313 responses were collected across the different corner of Jharkhand that further lead to culmination of this analysis of research paper. The analysis showed that there is significant positive correlation between all CSR components and consumer buying behavior. However, Jharkhand consumer’s priority appeared to be different than offered by Carroll’s classical pyramid, where economic responsibility was considered to be the greatest priority, followed by legal and ethical responsibility.

Consumer, Responsibility, corporate social responsibility, behavior.

1. Arora, B.& Puranik, R.(2004). A Review of Corporate Social Responsibility in India.Development,47(3),93-100. 2. Belal, A. R. (2008). Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting in Developing Countries : The Case of Bangladesh .Aldershot: Ashgate. 3. Black, L.D. (2001).Towards understanding corporate social responsibility in Australia Paper presented at the Conference on Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, Retrieved 3 September 2015 form http://www.aph/gov.au. 4. Bowen, H. (1953). Social Responsibility of the Businessman. New York: Harper. 5. Brown,T. J. & Dacin, P.A. (1997) .The company and the product : Corporate associations and consumer product responses. Journal of Marketing, 61(1), 68-84. 6. Carroll, A.B. (1979). A three –dimensional conceptual model of corporate performance. Academy of Management Review,4(4), 497-505. 7. Carroll, A.B. (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility :toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders [ Electronic version]. Business Horizons, July – August, 39-47. 8. Christensen, J. & Murphy, R. (2004). The Social irresponsibility of Corporate Tax Avoidance: Taking CSR to the bottom line. Development, 47(3), 37-44. 9. Commission of European communities. (2001) . Green Paper –Promoting a European Framework for Corporate Social Responsibility, COM (2001) 366 final. Brussels.

The objective of the presented research paper is to study the leadership behavior of adolescent boys and girls of different age groups. What is the status of leadership behavior in adolescent boys and girls, and what kind of leadership capacity they develop. Leadership is necessary. Boys and girls have more and better qualities according to age group and leadership behavior is superior and this behavior is being praised by other members of the group. In social programs, leaders appear to be more active than other members. Adolescent girls prefer that their leader should be good-looking, stylish, well-dressed, more intelligent, more educated and more mature.

Boys and girls, leadership behavior.

1. Aggarwal Neeta, "Bal Vikas", Prakash Publication, Agra. 2. Singh Arun Kumar, General Psychology, Motilal Banarsidas Publications, Agra. 3. Sharma, Dr. Lalit and Upadhyay Dr. Pushpa, "Advance Child Development", Star Publication, Agra. 4. Srivastava, Dr. DN And Verma Dr. Preeti, "Child Psychology Child Development", Aggarwal Publication, Agra.

Religious Tourism is regarded as planning visits to other towns, cities or countries for religious purposes. Religious tourism is increasing now days. India is widely known for exotic religious places. Religious tourism has been one of the reasons of developing India. Many places like Kedarnath, Mahakaleshwar, Jagannath puri, Tirupati, Gangotri, Yamunotri, Badrinath, Omkareshwar, Kashi Vishwanath, etc are most visited religious places in India. Even Foreigners also come to India to visit these places. The Government is very much aware of the importance of religious tourism not only as an economic enabler, but also a tool to make sure community consensus. Religious tourism is one of the strongest implement to develop India. Tourism acts as a prominent empower in facilitating development of basic infrastructural facilities, generates income for the local community as well as the government, balances regional development strategies through ‘umbrella’ effect and stimulate tranquility and socio-cultural cooperation. But there are some challenges in front of government to develop religious tourism. Some issues or negative impact faced in the development of Religious Tourism in the Country. There some places suffer from the short, but exceptional seasons that change the dynamics of the region for the rest of the year. The char dham yatra in Uttarakhand is one of the best example. Squander Management, Air Pollution, Monetizing Religion, Lack of inspection of religious trusts are also negative impact. But apart from that can to fend or to allay all negative impact of Religious Tourism through good management and policy farming and developing appropriate Institutional framework to stimulate the growth of Religious Tourism.

Religious Tourism, local community, policy, Institutional framework.

1. Cevallos, M.C.R. (2016). Religious Tourism, National Tourism Guide, Retrieved Ooctober 07/2018 from http://190.95.226.74/bitstream/45000/199/1/RELIGIOUS. 2. Shanthakumari, R. (2017). Challenges and Opportunities of Spiritual Tourism in India. International Journal of Applied Research, 3(1), 737-740. Retrieved October, 2018 from http://www.allresearchjournal.com/archives/2017/vol3issue1/partj/3-4-173-131.pdf. 3. Diverse Beliefs, (April 2012). Tourism of Faith Religious tourism gains ground, Strategic Initiatives & Government Advisory (SIGA) Team, . 4. Sharma, J.K., (2000). “Tourism Planning and Development”, Kansishka Publisher, New Delhi, p.17. 5. Wilson H. and Venes J., (2001). “Factors for Success in Rural Promotion and Development, Deep and Deep Publications Private Limites, New Delhi, pp. 132-138. 6. Mishra R., (2000). “Pilgrimage Tourism – Case Study of Brajmandal”, Ph.D. Thesis Submitted to Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra. 7. Batra, G.S. and Dangwal R.C. (Eds.), (2001). Tourism Promotion and Development, Deep and Deep Publications Private Limited, New Delhi, pp. 51-52. 8. Kandari O.P. and Chandra Ashish, (2004). “Tourism Development Principles and Practices”, Shree Publishers, New Delhi, p.124. 9. http://reports.weforum.org/travel-and-tourism-competitiveness-report-2015/index-results-the-travel-tourism-competitiveness-index-ranking-2015/?doing_wp_cron=1548830624.5680680274963378906250 10. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/what-is-adopt-a-heritage-scheme/article23866697.ece 11. http://www.adoptaheritage.in/pdf/indicative_list.pdf

Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the important fruits of India and South East Asia. Altogether 19 insects have been associated with banana and causing significant losses to this crop. The banana pseudo stem weevil (Odoiporus longicollis Oliver), banana scarring beetle (Basilepta subcostatum Jacoby), banana rhizome weevil (Cosmopolite sordidus Germar) and the banana aphid (Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel) have been recognized as major pests of banana in India and abroad. These noxious pests can be effectively managed by adopting bio-rational pest management approaches incorporating cultural, behavioral, host resistance, mechanical as well as need based application of certain safer pesticides based on ecological considerations.

Pests, Banana weevils, Scarring beetle, Banana aphid, Pest management.

1. Anonymous (2018). Food and Agriculture Organization, Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT). 2017. Retrieved 6 January 2018 2. Anonymous (2018). National horticultural Data base 3. Chandler, S. (1995). The nutritional value of banana. In: Bananas and plantains (S.Gowen, ed.), Chapman and Hall, U.K., pp.468-480 4. Singh, J.P. (1970). Insect pests of banana. Allahabad Farmer, 44: 295-308 5. Padmanaban, B., Rajeswari, R. and Sathyamoorthy, S. (2002). Integrated management of insect pests on banana and plantation. Souvenir Global Conference on Banana and Plantation, 28-31 6. Gold, C.S., Karamura, E. B., Kiggundu, A., Bagamba, F. and Abera, A. M. K. (1999). Geographic shift in highland cooking banana (Musa spp AAA-EA) production in Uganda. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 6: 45-59 7. Padmanaban, B. and Sundararaju, P. (1999). Occurrence of banana weevil borers (Curculionidae: Coleoptera) in Tamil Nadu. Insect Environ., 5: 135 8. Rukazambuga, N.D.T.M. (1996). The effect of banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus (Ger.) on the growth and productivity of banana (Musa AAA- EA) and the incidence of host vigour on weevil attack. Ph.D. Thesis, Reading University, 123 pp 9. Valmayor, R.V. (1994). Proceedings of conference- workshop on nematodes and weevil borers affecting bananas. In: Asia and the Pacific, Serdang, Malaysia, 25-29pp 10. Jayanthi, P.D.K. and Varghese, A. (1999). Report of the occurrence of banana weevil in Bangalore. Insect Environ., 4: 153 11. Padmanaban, B., Sundararaju, P. and Sathiamoorthy, S. (2001). Incidence of banana pseudostem borer, O. longicollis Oliv. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in banana peduncle. Indian J. Ent., 63(2): 204- 205 12. Ranjith, A.M. and Lalitha, N. (2001). Epideictic compounds from the banana pseudostem weevil, O. longicollis Oliver. pp. 59-61 in Innovative pest and disease management in horticultural and plantation crops (S. Narasimhan, G. Suresh & S. Daniel Wesley, eds.). SPIC Science Foundation, Chennai, India 13. Mukherjee, U. (2006). Evaluation of insecticides and some eco-friendly approaches to manage scarring beetle, Basilepta subcostatum in banana. Journal of Applied Zoological Research, 17(1): 54-56 14. Viswanath, B.N. (1976). Studies on the biology, varietals response and control of banana rhizome weevil, Cosmopolitessordidus (Germer) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Mysore J. Agric., 11: 597-598 15. Padmanaban, B., Sundararaju, P., Velayudhan, K.C. and Sathiamoorthy, S. (2001). Evaluation of Musa germplasm against banana weevil borers. Info Musa, 10: 26-28 16. Fogain, R. and Price N. S. (1994). Varietal screening of some Musa cultivars for susceptibility to the banana weevils, Cosmopolites sordidus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Fruits 49: 247 – 251 17. Waterhouse, D. F. (1987). Pentalonia nigronervosa, Coquerel, pp. 42 -49 In Biological control: Pacific Prospects. D. F. Waterhouse and K.R. Norris, Ed. Inkata Press: Melbourne, pp. 454

A review of the factors in the metaphors of Mahakavi Kalidas is presented in the research paper presented. In the research paper, citing the factors, actions and actions, quotations have been presented from the first division to the seventh. The number of noun terms related to the verb is called "factor". The definition of "factor" has not been directly defined by any Sanskrit grammarian. "Carake" is definitely an authority formula. Everyone has given their own different derivations. In broad terms, "karotiti karkam" (doer) is the same meaning. The definition of Patjali is round and round - "Krioti kriya nirvayayati karkam" (The action that is completed is called karak.) It is so clear that "Kriya" plays an important role in the theory of factors. Any factor must be directly or indirectly related to the verb.

Metaphors and Factors.

1. Swatantrasya usability, Karanadipriyokrita. Kartu: autism Bhatrihari (Vagay) 2. Adverbialism verb Janakatvam va karkatamvam. 3. Iti Karkani Hex. 4. A - Freedom 1.4.5 "". Te Samanadhikaranaye Pratham. 5. Karturipsim Karma 1/4/49. Karmani Dwitiya 2/3/2. 6. Quachinipatinabhidheyam (Dixit) 7. Absolutely 1/4/5. This result is given in this way. 8. Duhiyachirudhiprishmixitramitramapuranamittam pre-widow. Vruvi Shasigunen f yatschatte tadakirtimacharitam kavina. 9. Kaladhvnostraya Nansayogay Dwitiya / 2/3/5. K - Adhisthasthasa Karma. Abhinavishruch. Upanvadhvavas: 10. Gathirtha Karmani second, Chatbhyo Chetthayamandhvani: / 2/3/1. 11. Enaya Dwitiya 2/3/3 (2) Sadkatam Karanam. 4/42. 2/3/18. 12. Prakritidyabhaya Upanibhamanam (Vartik) 13. Hatau (2/3/2) (2) Itthambhutlakshano. 2/3/21. The qualities that make sense of a particular condition or condition are placed in the Tshtiya. As - Mayiprasanna Vashushaiv Lakshte (Tapp-12) 14. Karmana Yama Pipraitai S Saddanam 1/4/32. (B) Chaturthi Sampradayan 2/3/13. 15. Ruchyarthanam Priyamana: 1/4/3. 16. Dharayaruttamarna: Spectacular. 1/14 / 35-36. 17. Krudh Duhapriya Suyarthanan or Pratyopaha. KudhadruhorpyaSashtiyo: Karma. (1/4 / 37-38) 18. ‘Klaspya Sampadhimane F (Vartik) 19. Namah Swastiswaha Swadhyalandshyogacha (12/3/19) 20. Kriyathepipadasya f karmani sthaninah (2/3/14) Self-transcendental sentiment (2/3/15) 21. In showing disrespect, the secondary function of 'man' metal is placed in Dwitiya or Ch. (22) As-Avamanyate Vapam (Mahyam) 22. In the sum of metals conveying the meaning of 'sending', the person is in the community who An item should be sent, Mahmāpipriyamīvedakam Visarjānipāyati. 23. (a) Dhruvamoyaypadanam (1/4/24) (B) Apadane P'Chami (2/3/28) 24. Vibhashyagunaऽsmiyam (2/3/25) 25. (a) Janikartu: Prakriti. Bhuvah: Question 1/4 / 30-31. 26. Aakhyotayoga. 1/4/21. 27. Anyaraditartarterakruti Yukte. 11/29/32. 28. Aadhaar Adhikadharnam 29. 1. Shashthi Shesh. 2/3/50. 2. Kratiyan Kartari Va. 2/3/71. 30. Shashthatasarth Pratyayen. 2/3/30. 31. Tulayarthertulopamayam Tutianyatasyam. 2/4/62. 32. Yesya F Bhaven Bhavakshanam. 2/3/36. 33. Shashthi Chanadare 2/3/38.

Arts are a means of emotional expression. Painting has a very important place in the arts. Its history is as rich, its present is very interesting. Paintings are a successful medium to convey the expressions, thoughts and imagination of the human mind.

Pre-historic-history, mural-wall, cavity-cave, reality- really.

1. https://namami.gov.in 2. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in 3. https://www.niti.gov.in

Submitted research paper "Jawaharlal Nehru and Dr. In Radhakrishnan's philosophy, secularism and communalism is based on ideology: a study. It is secular to remain secular, that is, to not allow any interference in the matter of religion, to allow the person or community of faith or religion to conduct it accordingly. Nehru was a philosopher of Indian secularism. Nehru himself did not follow any religion. He did not believe in God. But for him, secularism did not mean hatred towards religion. Dr. Radhakrishnan also understood secularism in relation to religion. When India became independent from colonial slavery, Nehru gave leadership, Patel gave diplomacy and Radhakrishnan gave philosophical contributions. He explained to the world the secret of India's power as a nation, that India is a secular country, not a secular country.

Secularism, communalism ideology.

1. Sharad Bhatnagar, Political Science, Chitra Publication, India Pvt. Figure published by. 2. Bedkihaal, Kishore, (2013), Pt. Nehru on Secularism, Nehru Center for Practice, Prakashan, Shivaji Vidyapeeth, Kolhapur, Maharashtra. 3. Ambedkar, BR (1964), Ranade, Gandhi and Jina, Bhimpatrika Publications, Jalandhar, Punjab. 4. Ali Asgar, (2007), Communal History and Experience in India, History Bodh Publications, Allahabad. 5. Ali, Asghar Engineer (1985) : ‘Indian Muslims : A Study of the Minority Problems in India’, Ajanta Publication. Delhi. 6. Sabain, G.H. (19973): ‘A History of Political Theory’, Oxford and I.B.H. Publishing Company, Forth edition. 7. http://hppanchayat.nic.in 8. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in 9. http://www.ncert.nic.in

The presented research paper is being presented by the researcher in the form of "Women's Life in Poetry of Pawan Karan: A Study". Pawan Karan of Gwalior (MP) has emerged as a strong signature of contemporary Hindi literature world. The writings of Pawan Karan ji strongly attack the evil practices of the society, the plight of women, the legends of the conservatives, and the hope of removing social disparities. The social changes expressed in the poems of Pawan Karan Ji reflect the realities and inconsistencies of women. Pawan Karan has touched every untouched aspect of female life in his poetry with his writing and has made the public think. In the literary scene, Pawan Karan's compositions open up new dimensions for literary scholars while interviewing the changed scenario.

Female life.

1. Pawan Karan (2006), Publisher Rajkamal Publications, New Delhi, Page No. 104, ISBN 81&267&1140&X 2. Poet of movement in the laboratory of experience: Pawan Karan - Mahesh Katare. www.anunad.com. Retrieved 2016-12-19. 3. hindisamay.com 4. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in

This paper aims to ascertain the influence of teaching style and organizational culture in relation to teacher efficacy of teachers of middle school .For this study, the investigators had drawn the samples randomly from five schools of Raipur district. The sample consist of …200.. male and …200…. female teacher. To measure teaching style, Hameed&Manjushah’s “Scale of Teaching Style” 2009 was used. To know organizational culture of teachers, “Scale of school organizational culture” by Gafoor 2002 was used. Teacher efficacy was measured by Musthafa and Abidali’s Teacher efficacy scale 2009. Mean difference analysis and Two-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Through this study, the researcher found that teacher efficacy of teachers of middle schools is highly dependent on teaching styles and organisational culture.. Hence there should be modification of the training programs for the teachers of secondary schools and certain concepts like commitment, pride of profession etc should be included in it. Teacher centered teaching styles may be opted by the teachers of secondary school to motivate them and their students to make teaching-learning process a great experience.

Teaching Style, Organisational Culture, Teacher Efficacy, Middle School Teachers.

1. Arshad, M (2003) Study of Organisational Culture and effectiveness of Secondary Schools. Education and Research, 14 (2) 146-150 2. Francisca, P.N. (2002) Organizational climate in special schools.Edutracks. Vol.5 No. 8, pp 27-30 3. Grasha, A.F. (1990) Using traditional versus naturalistic approaches to assessing learning styles in college teaching. Journal on excellence in college teaching 23-38 4. Grasha A.F. (1994) Using traditional versus naturalistic approaches to assessing learning styles in college teaching. Journal on excellence in college teaching 23-38 5. Gibson, R.D. &Dembo, L (1984) Influence of the initial ten weeks of the school year on novice teacher efficacy NACTA Journal Vol (80) 111-117 6. Gafoor, A. (2002) Scale of School Organisational Culture. Calicut :Farook Training College. 7. Hans, R. (1986) & Relationship among Teaching Style, Learning gains and teacher effectiveness. In M.B. Buch (Ed) Fourth Survey of Research in Education, New Delhi NCERT 8. Howley, N.M. &Rosenhettz, R (1984) “Organizational Climate and teachers professional attitude” PasychologicalBullettin. 16, 22-26 9. Hameed, A.&Manjusha M (2008) Scale of Teaching styles : Calicut : Farook Training College. 10. Musthafa, M.N.M. &Abidali, P. (2008) Teacher Efficacy Scale , Calicut : Farook Training College 11. Richardson. L.W. (1996) Teachers belief about teaching and learning.American Psychological association.psye Articles : Citation & Abstract. APA Psyc NET. 12. Rajagopalan K (1990) Job satisfaction and attitude towards teaching profession as correlates of the organizational climate of Teacher Training College of Kerla, Unpublished M.Phil dissertation, University of Calicut.

Today’s era is digital phase and it will more advance in the future, it’s just the beginning of the digital era.We have started doing all the work with the help of electronic devices like computer sand gadgets, which causes the most damage to the eyes.Now we are fully depended on the computers because they do the task on a quick time.But the electronic screens release some harmful lights, due to which our eyes suffers a lot. Eye is one of the sense organ out of five,of human body. So, it is very essential to safe this organ. In this paper we will see about Computer vision syndrome and how we can recover it.

Computer vision syndrome, Blue light, UV light, lenses.

1. https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/computer-vision-syndrome 2. https://www.aoa.org/patients-and-public/caring-for-your-vision/protecting-your-vision/computer-vision-syndrome 3. https://www.google.com/amp/s/b3cool.com/blue-light-is-damaging-your-eyes/amp/ 4. https://www.gayaopticians.com/uv-an-invisible-danger/ 5. https://www.torgaoptical.co.za/blue-light-demystifier 6. https://www.allaboutvision.com/cvs/blue-light.htm 7. https://macularhope.org/ultraviolet-and-blue-light/ 8. https://www.livescience.com/50326-what-is-ultraviolet-light.html 9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_vision_syndrome 10. https://www.allaboutvision.com/cvs/ 11. https://www.britannica.com/science/human-eye 12. https://www.preventblindness.org/blue-light-and-your-eyes 13. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_blue_light_technology

Pumpkin fruit fly, Zeugodacus (Zeugodacus) tau (Walker) has been reported infesting 62 hosts belonging to 21 families, but plants belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae are preferred most. Brief notes on the nomenclatural status, distribution and nature of infestation and damage have also been added.

Zeugodacus (Zeugodacus) tau, host plants, Dacinae, Dacini, Distribution, infestation

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